Bolt ndi zida zodziwika bwino zamakanika, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ambiri, zimayikidwa ndi mutu ndi zomangira zigawo ziwiri za gulu la zomangira, zomwe zimafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi nati, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikiza zigawo ziwiri ndi mabowo odutsa. Mwina simukudziwa bwino za zinthu za bolt, nkhaniyi ikudziwitsani za zinthu za bolt, chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi magiredi, kuti anthu ambiri aphunzire kuzindikira zinthu zazing'onozi za bolt.
Kodi magiredi ndi zipangizo za mabolts zikutanthauza chiyani?
Gulu la bolt limatanthauza kuti bolt ndi 4.8 grade, 8.8 grade, 10.9 grade ndi zina.
Zipangizozo zikutanthauza kuti bolt imapangidwa ndi zinthu monga Q235, 35K, 40Cr, 45 # chitsulo, 35CrMo chitsulo, 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi 316 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi zina zotero.
Gulu la bolt ndi zinthu zake ndi ubale winawake, chitsulo chofatsa chimangopanga mabolt amphamvu otsika, chitsulo chapakati cha kaboni chimangopanga mabolt amphamvu apakati, chitsulo chapamwamba cha kaboni, chitsulo cha alloy chimangopanga mabolt amphamvu kwambiri. Gulu lina la bolt limafotokoza kapangidwe ka mankhwala kogwirizana ndi kagwiritsidwe ka makina, komanso kudziwa zinthuzo.
Nayi mndandanda wa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mabolts yomwe ingakhale chinthu chomwe chili. Mlingo wa 4.8 ukhoza kukhala Q235, Q195 ndi zinthu zina zofewa zachitsulo. Mlingo wa 5.8 Q235 kuposa zipangizo zonse ukhoza kukhala, sizikusowa chithandizo cha kutentha. Ulusi wa 8.8 mulifupi wa 16MM kapena kuchepera, 35 # chithandizo cha kutentha chotenthetsera, 16mm kapena kupitirira apo, 45 # ndi chitsulo chotenthetsera chotsika cha carbon. Mlingo wa 10.9 wa chitsulo chotenthetsera chosakanikirana ndi kaboni Kutenthetsera 35Crmo 40Cr ndi zina zotero.
Kodi mabotolo amphamvu kwambiri angasiyanitsidwe ndi mabotolo wamba chifukwa cha zinthu zawo?
Kawirikawiri amagawidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa mphamvu.
Mulingo wa magwiridwe antchito a bolt ndi 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9 ndi zina zotero, zomwe ma bolt 8.8 ndi apamwamba amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopanda mpweya woipa kapena chitsulo chapakati cha mpweya woipa komanso chotenthetsera kutentha (chozimitsidwa, chofewa), chodziwika bwino ngati ma bolt amphamvu kwambiri, ena onse omwe amadziwika bwino ngati ma bolt wamba. Zolemba za mulingo wa magwiridwe antchito a bolt zili ndi magawo awiri a kapangidwe ka digito, motsatana, kuti mphamvu yolimba ya mtengo wa bolt ndi flexural strength ratio.
Mwachitsanzo, ma bolts a grade 8.8 omwe ali ndi mulingo wochita bwino, tanthauzo lake ndi:
1, mphamvu yokoka ya bolt yodziwika bwino ya mulingo wa 800MPa;
2, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya bolt material yield cha 0.8;
3, mphamvu yodziwika bwino ya bolt mpaka 800 × 0.8 = 640MPa mulingo wa mabolt amphamvu kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mulingo wa 8.8 ndi 10.9, ndipo mabolt wamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mulingo wa 4.8.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-28-2024
