Ukumaka ama-washer ayisicaba

"Ingabe imishini yokuwasha eyisicaba idinga ukuphawulwa?" "Cha?"

"Ingabe bayayidinga?"……

Namuhla sizoxoxa nawe ngale ndaba, kungenzeka ukuthi abantu abaningi embonini bazocabanga ukuthi"Xiaowan ah, awusebenzi kahle ……".

Njengoba sonke sazi, ama-washer ayisicaba njengesixhumanisi sokubopha esibalulekile, adlala indima enkulu ekwandiseni indawo yokuxhumana, ehlakaza indima yokucindezela kokuxhumana. Iningi lama-washer ayisicaba asetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni kwezimboni awaphawulwanga njengalena esesithombeni esingezansi.

Ngakho-ke yiziphi izimo lapho kuzobekwa khona amamaki okuwasha ayisicaba?

(1) Isitshalo sokukhiqiza ukuze kugwenywe ukuxuba izinto

Ama-washer ayisicaba enqubo yokukhiqiza yokubumba okunemicu emincane, isitshalo sokukhiqiza endaweni yokumaka i-washer eyisicaba ukuze kugwenywe ukukhiqizwa kwemininingwane efanayo yezinto ezahlukene zama-washer ayisicaba, enqubweni yokukhiqiza noma yokudlulisa ukudideka kwezinto kanye nendlela yokulawula inqubo. Isibonelo,"304"kulesi sithombe esilandelayo, okungukuthi, egameni le-flat washer kukhona izinto ze-A2. Uma umenzi ekhiqiza i-flat washer enencazelo efanayo ezintweni ze-316 ngesikhathi esifanayo, khona-ke i-washer ingaphawulwa ngokuthi"316"or "A4".

Lokhu kuboniswa kokuhlonza izinto kuvamile kuma-washer acwebezelayo ensimbi engagqwali, isizathu siwukuthi ngemva kokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile kwenziwa kuphela ngemva kokuhlanza nokuphumula, kusukela ekubukekeni komhlophe okhanyayo, abakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinto zawo ngokwemvelo.

Izinto ezibonakalayo zicacile ebusweni bezinsimbi zokuwasha ezisicaba zensimbi engagqwali zingagwema ngempumelelo inqubo yokukhiqizwa noma yokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezixubile.

(2) imibandela ejwayelekile

Izindinganiso ezithile zomkhiqizo zichaza izidingo zama-washer ayisicaba aphawulwe, isibonelo, indinganiso"EN", "EN", "EN", "EN", "EN"futhi"EN".

Isibonelo, indinganiso"I-EN 14399-5 (GB / T 32076.5) amalunga esakhiwo aqinile anamabholidi aphezulu alayishwe ngaphambilini Ingxenye 5: Ama-washer ayisicaba"Kuma-washer acwebezelayo napholile kufanele amakwe nge-concave, njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi:

Isibonelo, indinganiso"Ama-washer ensimbi aqinile e-ASTM F436"ucacisa ukuthi amawashi ayisicaba angaphansi kwaleli zinga kufanele aphawulwe ngophawu"F436"uphawu, njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi:

Ama-washer ayisicaba aphawulwe noma angaphawulwanga ngendinganiso angasekelwa kuwo?

Uma sibheka izindinganiso zomkhiqizo zamanje, izindinganiso zama-washer ayisicaba ukuthi kufanele yini ziphawulwe azicaciswanga kahle.

I-ISO 898-3:2018 ejwayelekile (izakhiwo zemishini zezinamathiselo - ama-washer ayisicaba) Indinganiso iwukusetshenziswa kwezidingo zokusebenza kwama-washer ayisicaba ensimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi ye-alloy ngo-2018, lapho isahluko 9.2 sokumaka i-washer esiyisicaba senza khona amalungiselelo acacile.

Ukumaka umshini wokuwasha oyisicaba kungaba ngokubona komkhiqizi noma ngesivumelwano phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nesidingo.

Ama-washer ayisicaba akufanele amakwe ngamagama aphakanyisiwe. Ukumaka okugobile ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa ngoba kungashintsha ubudlelwano bamandla okubopha i-torque kwejoyinti le-bolt-nut noma kudale ukugxila kokucindezeleka okungase kubangele ukuqhekeka kwe-washer.

Amaphuzu amabili angenhla abonisa ukuthi ukumaka ama-washer ayisicaba akuyona impoqo, futhi kuxhomeke kumhlinzeki ukuthi anqume noma axoxisane ngokuthi ukumaka kuyadingeka yini ngaphambi koku-oda. Akukhuthazwa ukumaka ubuso bama-washer ayisicaba ngezinhlamvu eziqoshwe noma ezigobile.

Ukumaka okugobile kwensimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic, ubuso obugobile be-washer obuyi-flat steel stainless steel kuzoshintsha i-vice torque yokuxhumanisa i-bolt - nut - ubudlelwano bamandla okubopha kumele bufakazelwe, kuqinisekile ukuthi, ngenxa yobunzima obuphansi bensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic, ukumaka okugobile ngeke kuholele ekugxilweni kokucindezeleka ku-washer, ngeke kubangele ukuqhekeka kwe-washer.