I mea e hoʻohana ai i ka hoʻokele a me ka wehewehe ʻana i ka maʻalahi, pono e hoʻohana i kekahi ʻano o kāna hoʻohālikelike. Ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā ʻāpana maʻamau i nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike hoʻopaʻa maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia:
1. Hoʻohālikelike e like me ke kahua o mākou
Wahi a nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopaʻa, ua māhele ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa honua i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: ʻo kekahi he mea hoʻopili maʻamau, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe nā mea hoʻopaʻa aerospace. ʻO kēia ʻano paʻa paʻa i ka internationalization e ka ISO/TC2 e hoʻomohala a ma lalo o ka malu o nā kūlana aupuni a i ʻole nā hui standardization i nā ʻāina like ʻole e kū mai. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kūlana ʻāina o Kina no nā mea hoʻopaʻa e ka National Technical Committee for Fastener Standardization (SAC/TC85). Hoʻohana kēia mau mea hoʻopaʻa i nā kaula maʻamau a me nā waiwai mechanical o ka ʻōnaehana papa, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mīkini, ka uila, ka lawe ʻana, ka hale kūʻai, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka ʻoihana kemika, ka hoʻouna ʻana a me nā māla ʻē aʻe, akā no nā huahana aerospace a me nā huahana uila. Hiki i ka ʻōnaehana helu waiwai mīkini ke hōʻike i nā waiwai mechanical piha o nā mea hoʻopaʻa, akā e hōʻike nui i ka hiki ke amo. Hoʻopili wale ʻia ka ʻōnaehana i nā waeʻano a me nā ʻāpana, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i nā māka mea kikoʻī. Nā ʻāpana maʻamau no ʻoe
Hoʻolālā ʻia nā mea paʻa Aerospace no nā mea hoʻopaʻa kaʻa aerospace, e like me nā kūlana paʻa i ka honua ISO/TC20/SC4 e hoʻomohala a pili. ʻO nā kūlana hoʻopaʻa aerospace o Kina e ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kūlana koa aupuni, nā kūlana mokulele, nā kūlana aerospace pū kekahi. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o nā mea hoʻopili aerospace penei: ua hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻāpana maʻamau iā ʻoe.
(1) Hoʻohana ke kaula i ka MJ thread (metric system), UNJ thread (imperial system) a i ʻole MR thread.
(2) Hoʻohana ʻia ka mākaʻikaʻi ikaika a me ka helu wela.
(3) ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaumaha māmā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika ma luna o 900Mpa, a hiki i 1800MPa a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe.
(4) Kiʻekiʻe pololei, maikaʻi anti-loosening hana a me ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe.
(5) Hiki ke hoʻololi i nā kaiapuni paʻakikī.
(6) Nā koi koʻikoʻi i nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia. ʻO nā ʻāpana maʻamau no ʻoe
2. E like me ka hoʻohui kuʻuna kuʻuna
Wahi a nā kuʻuna kuʻuna o Kina, ua māhele ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā bolts, studs, nuts, screws, screws wood, self-tapping screws, washers, rivets, pins, retaining rings, connecting vice and fasteners – assemblies and other 13 category. Ua hahai nā kūlana aupuni o Kina i kēia hoʻokaʻawale ʻana.
3. E like me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hoʻohālikelike maʻamauE like me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kūlana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā mea paʻa maʻamau a me nā mea paʻa ʻole. ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa maʻamau nā mea hoʻopaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻokumu ʻia i kahi maʻamau, e like me nā mea hoʻopaʻa maʻamau aupuni, nā mea hoʻopaʻa maʻamau o ka pūʻali koa aupuni, nā mea hoʻopaʻa mokulele mokulele, nā mea hoʻopaʻa maʻamau aerospace a me nā mea paʻa maʻamau o ka ʻoihana. ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa maʻamauʻole he mau mea paʻa i hanaʻole i kahi maʻamau. Me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka laulā o ka noi, ʻo ke ʻano maʻamau o nā mea hoʻopaʻa one-sand e hana mālie i kahi maʻamau, i hoʻololi ʻia i mau mea paʻa maʻamau; aia kekahi mau mea hoʻopaʻa maʻamau ʻole, no ka nui o nā mea paʻakikī, hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana kūikawā.
4.Classification e like me ka hana geometric i loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona threaded a i ʻole
Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka geometric i loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona, ua māhele ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā mea hoʻopaʻa kaula (e like me nā bolts, nuts, etc.) a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa ʻole (e like me nā mea holoi, nā apo paʻa, nā pine, nā rivets maʻamau, nā rivets ring groove, etc.).
ʻO nā mea paʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he mau mea hoʻopili e hoʻopili ai ma o nā kaula. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale hou ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa kaula.
E like me ke ʻano o ke kaula, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā mea hoʻopaʻa metric threaded, nā mea hoʻopaʻa lole imperial uniform, etc.
E like me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke kino makua, ua māhele ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā mea hoʻopaʻa i waho (e like me nā bolts, studs), nā mea hoʻopaʻa i loko (e like me nā nati, nā nati paʻa ponoʻī, nā nati paʻa kiʻekiʻe) a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa i loko a me waho (e like me nā kaula hilo) 3 mau ʻāpana.
Wahi a nā hiʻohiʻona kūlana o nā kaula ma ka mea hoʻopaʻa, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa ʻia i waho i nā screws, bolts a me nā studs.
5. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka mea
Wahi a ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea like ʻole, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i ka carbon structural steel fasteners, alloy structural steel fasteners, stainless steel fasteners, kiʻekiʻe-mehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, alumini paʻa paʻa, titanium alloy fasteners, titanium-niobium alloy fasteners a me non-metallic fasteners.
6. E like me ka papa kuhikuhiE kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe
E like me nā ʻano hana like ʻole o ke kaʻina hana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā mea hoʻopaʻa ʻino (e like me nā rivets aluminika alumini), ʻoki ʻoki (e like me ka ʻoki ʻana i ka bar hexagonal a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻili a me nā nati) a me ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea hoʻopaʻa nodular (e like me ka hapa nui o nā screws, bolts a me nā kī kī kiʻekiʻe). Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka huhū i ke anuanu a me ka wela (mahana).
7. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e like me ke kūlana lapaʻau hope
E like me ka ʻokoʻa o ke kūlana lapaʻau ili hope, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā mea hoʻopaʻa ʻole a mālama ʻia. ʻAʻole loaʻa nā mea hoʻopaʻa i mālama ʻole ʻia i kahi lapaʻau kūikawā, a hiki ke waiho ʻia i loko o ka waihona a hoʻouna ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻana ma hope o ka hala ʻana i ke kaʻina hana a me ka mālama wela. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā mea hoʻopaʻa, ʻo ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili i kikoʻī ʻia ma ka mokuna hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻili. Ma hope o ka zinc-plated fasteners ua kapa ʻia he zinc-plated fasteners, ma hope o ka cadmium-plated fasteners i kapa ʻia he cadmium-plated fasteners, ma hope o ka oxidation o nā mea hoʻopaʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo oxidation o nā mea hoʻopili. A pela aku.
8. Hoʻokaʻawale e like me ka ikaika
Ma muli o ka ikaika likeʻole, ua māheleʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nā mea ikaika kiʻekiʻe, nā mea paʻa kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea paʻa kiʻekiʻe 4 mauʻano. Ua maʻa ka ʻoihana Fastener i nā waiwai mechanical o ka papa ma lalo o 8.8 a i ʻole ka ikaika tensile nominal ma lalo o 800MPa fasteners i ʻike ʻia he haʻahaʻa ikaika fasteners, mechanical properties o ka papa ma waena o 8.8 a me 12.9 a i ʻole nominal tensile ikaika ma waena o 800MPa-1200MPa fasteners i ʻike ʻia he kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika o ka ikaika. ʻO 1200MPa-1500MPa ma waena o nā mea hoʻopaʻa i ʻike ʻia ʻo nā mea hoʻopaʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe, nominal tensile ikaika ma mua o 1500MPa fasteners i ʻike ʻia he ultra-high-strength fasteners.
9.Case keʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho haʻahaʻa hana
Wahi a ka ʻokoʻa o ke ʻano o ka ukana hana, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i ʻelua mau ʻano: tensile a shear type. Hoʻopili nui ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa tensile i ka ukana tensile a i ʻole huki-shear composite ukana; ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa ʻāwīwī e pili ana i ka ukana ʻoki. Tensile fasteners a me shear fasteners i loko o ka nominal rod anawaena tolerance a me threaded fasteners milo loa, etc. Aia kekahi mau 'oko'a.
10. Ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana e like me nā koi o ka hana hui
E like me nā ʻokoʻa o nā koi o ka hui ʻana, ua māhele ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā mea hoʻopili hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao (ʻike ʻia ʻo nā mea hoʻopili makapō) a me nā mea hoʻopili ʻelua ʻaoʻao. Pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā mea hoʻopili hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao o ka hana hiki ke hoʻopau i ka hui.
11. Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e like me ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hui a ʻaʻole paha
Wahi a inā hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hui a ʻaʻole paha, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā mea paʻa hiki ke hoʻoneʻe a me nā mea paʻa ʻole. ʻO nā mea paʻa hiki ke hoʻoneʻeʻia he mau mea paʻa e pono e weheʻia a hiki ke hoʻopauʻia i ke kaʻina hana ma hope o ka huiʻana, e like me nā bolts, screws, nati maʻamau, holoi holoi a pēlā aku. ʻO nā mea paʻa ʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e pili ana i ka hui, i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina hana a ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kāna mau mea paʻa; pono e hoʻokaʻawale, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano mea paʻa, akā alakaʻi pinepine i nā mea hoʻopili a i ʻole nā loulou i ka ʻōnaehana ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia no ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili, me nā ʻano rivets, nā kī kī kiʻekiʻe, nā studs, nā nati paʻa kiʻekiʻe, a pēlā aku.
12. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka ʻike loea
Wahi a nā ʻike loea ʻokoʻa, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā pae 3: haʻahaʻa, waena a me kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka ʻoihana Fastener ua maʻa i ka ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻailona ʻana ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 7, ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o 800MPa o nā mea hana maʻamau i kapa ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ia mau mea paʻa, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻenehana a emi ʻole ka waiwai; e lilo i ka pololei hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe loa o 6 a i ʻole 5, ikaika ma waena o 800MPa-1200MPa, aia ka mea i kekahi mau koi o nā mea hoʻopaʻa i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka mid-range fasteners, i loaʻa kekahi degere o ka pilikia ʻenehana, nā mea hoʻopili a me nā ʻike loea. Loaʻa i nā mea paʻa kekahi pilikia ʻenehana, kekahi ʻike loea a me ka waiwai hoʻohui; ʻO ka mākaʻikaʻi kiʻekiʻe loa ma mua o 5 mau pae, a i ʻole ka ikaika o ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 1200MPa, a i ʻole nā koi anti-fatigue, a i ʻole nā koi anti-temperature creep, a i ʻole nā koi anticorrosion a me nā lubrication kūikawā, e like me nā mea hoʻopili kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo nā mea paʻa kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia mau mea paʻa he paʻakikī ʻenehana, ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe a me ka waiwai hoʻohui.
Nui nā ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea hoʻopaʻa, e like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e like me ke ʻano o ke poʻo o nā mea hoʻopili, a pēlā aku, ʻaʻole e helu ʻia. Me nā mea, nā ʻōnaehana lako a me nā ʻano hana a me nā mea hou aku e hoʻomau i ka hana hou, e hoʻokumu ʻia ka poʻe i ka pono e kau i mua i nā ʻano hoʻonohonoho hoʻopaʻa paʻa hou.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-11-2024
