GʻAlvanizing
Nā ʻano:
He paʻa iki ka zinc i ka ea maloʻo a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻololi i kona kala. I loko o ka wai a me nā wahi pulu, hana ia me ka oxygen a i ʻole ke kalapona ʻokikene e hana i nā kiʻi ʻokikene oxide a i ʻole alkaline zinc carbonate, hiki ke pale i ka zinc mai ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka oxidation a hāʻawi i ka pale.
He mea maʻalahi loa ka zinc i ka pala i loko o nā waikawa, alkalis, a me nā sulfides. Pono ka papa galvanized e hana i ka passivation treatment. Ma hope o ka passivation i loko o ka chromic acid a i ʻole ka chromate solution, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka ʻili passivation i hana ʻia i ka ea pulu, e hoʻonui nui ana i kona hiki ke pale i ka pala. No nā ʻāpana puna, nā ʻāpana lahilahi (mānoanoa o ka paia <0.5m), a me nā ʻāpana kila e pono ai ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, pono e lawe ʻia ka hydrogen, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono ka hydrogen i nā ʻāpana keleawe a me ke keleawe.
He haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai o ke galvanizing, maʻalahi ka hana ʻana, a maikaʻi ka hopena. He maikaʻi ʻole ka hiki ke maʻamau o ka zinc, no laila he uhi anodic ka uhi zinc no nā metala he nui.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke galvanization i nā kūlana lewa a me nā wahi maikaʻi ʻē aʻe. Akā, ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana friction.
Cuhi chrome
Nā ʻano: No nā ʻāpana e pili ana i ka lewa moana a i ʻole ka wai kai, a i loko o ka wai wela ma luna o 70℃, he paʻa iki ka uhi ʻana o ka cadmium, he kūpaʻa ikaika i ka pala, lubrication maikaʻi, a hoʻoheheʻe mālie i ka waikawa hydrochloric dilute, akā he mea hoʻoheheʻe loa ia i ka waikawa nitric a ʻaʻole hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka alkali. ʻAʻole hoʻi e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kona oxide i ka wai. ʻOi aku ka palupalu o ka uhi ʻana o ka Cadmium ma mua o ka uhi zinc, me ka emi ʻana o ka hydrogen embrittlement a me ka hoʻopili ikaika.
Eia kekahi, ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana electrolytic, ʻoi aku ka nani o ka uhi cadmium i loaʻa ma mua o ka uhi zinc. Akā, he mea ʻawahia ke kinoea i hana ʻia e ka cadmium i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a he mea ʻawahia nō hoʻi nā paʻakai cadmium hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, hana ka cadmium ma ke ʻano he uhi cathodic ma ke kila a ma ke ʻano he uhi anodic i nā lewa moana a me nā lewa wela kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia e pale i nā ʻāpana mai ka palaho lewa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka wai kai a i ʻole nā wai paʻakai like, a me ka mahu wai kai piha. Nui nā ʻāpana i nā ʻoihana mokulele, moana, a me nā ʻoihana uila, nā pūnāwai, a me nā ʻāpana wili i uhi ʻia me ka cadmium. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia, phosphated, a hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu pena, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hana.
Ka uhi ʻana o Chromium
nā ʻano:
He paʻa loa ka Chromium i nā lewa pulu, alkaline, nitric acid, sulfide, nā hopena carbonate, a me nā waikawa organik, a maʻalahi ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka waikawa hydrochloric a me ka waikawa sulfuric i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka wela. Ma lalo o ka hana o ke au pololei, inā lawelawe ka papa chromium ma ke ʻano he anode, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe maʻalahi ʻia i loko o ka hopena soda caustic.
He paʻa ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka papa chromium, paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, 800-1000V, kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana, hoʻomālamalama ikaika, a kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole ia e loli ke kala ma lalo o 480℃, hoʻomaka e oxidize ma luna o 500℃, a hoʻemi nui i ka paʻakikī ma 700℃ʻO kona hemahema, he paʻakikī ka chromium, he palupalu, a he maʻalahi hoʻi ke hemo, ʻoiai ke kau ʻia i nā ukana hopena like ʻole. A he porosity kona.
He maʻalahi ka metala chromium i ka passivation i ka lewa, e hopena ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi ʻili passivation a pēlā e hoʻololi ai i ka hiki o ka chromium. No laila, lilo ka chromium i uhi cathodic ma luna o ka hao.
ʻAʻole kūpono ke kau pololei ʻana i ka uhi chrome ma ke ʻano he papa anti-corrosion ma luna o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana kila. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo ka electroplating multi-layer (ʻo ia hoʻi ke uhi keleawe→uhi nikala→chromium plating) e pono ai e hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka popo
ka pale ʻana a me ka hoʻonaninani. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia manawa i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ana, ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ke kukui, a me nā kukui hoʻonaninani.
Ka uhi ʻana o ka nikala
nā ʻano:
He kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi ko Nickel i ka lewa a me ka hopena alkaline, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻololi i ke kala, a hoʻopau wale ʻia i nā mahana ma luna o 600° C. Hoʻoheheʻe mālie ia i loko o ka waikawa sulfuric a me ka waikawa hydrochloric, akā maʻalahi ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka waikawa nitric dilute. Hoʻopau maʻalahi ʻia i loko o ka waikawa nitric i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a no laila he kūpaʻa maikaʻi kona.
He paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe ka uhi ʻana o ka nickel, maʻalahi ke hoʻowali, loaʻa iā ia ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe o ka mālamalama, a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka nani. ʻO kona hemahema, ʻo ia ka porosity. No ka lanakila ʻana i kēia hemahema, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā uhi metala multi-layer, me ka nickel ma ke ʻano he papa waena.
He uhi cathodic ka nickel no ka hao a he uhi anodic no ke keleawe.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia e pale i nā uhi hoʻonaninani i mea e pale ai i ka pala a hoʻonui i ka nani. He kūpono ke kāpili nickel ma nā huahana keleawe no ka pale ʻana i ka pala, akā ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka nickel, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea hoʻohui keleawe tin ma kahi o ke kāpili nickel.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-14-2024
