Umehluko phakathi kwe-galvanizing, i-cadmium plating, i-chrome plating, kanye ne-nickel plating

Gukuhlanza

Izici:

I-Zinc izinzile emoyeni owomile futhi ayishintshi umbala kalula. Ezindaweni zamanzi nezinomswakama, isabela nomoya-mpilo noma i-carbon dioxide ukuze yakhe amafilimu e-oxide noma e-alkaline zinc carbonate, okungavimbela i-zinc ukuthi iqhubeke nokungcolisa futhi ihlinzeke ngesivikelo.

I-Zinc isengozini enkulu yokugqwala kuma-asidi, ama-alkali, nama-sulfide. Ungqimba oluhlanganisiwe ngokuvamile ludinga ukwelashwa kokugqwala. Ngemva kokugqwala kusisombululo se-chromic acid noma i-chromate, ifilimu yokugqwala eyakhiwe ayivezwa kalula emoyeni omanzi, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ikhono layo lokulwa nokugqwala. Ezingxenyeni zasentwasahlobo, izingxenye ezinezindonga ezincane (ubukhulu bodonga <0.5m), kanye nezingxenye zensimbi ezidinga amandla aphezulu omshini, ukususwa kwe-hydrogen kumele kwenziwe, kuyilapho izingxenye zethusi ne-alloy zethusi zingase zingadingi ukususwa kwe-hydrogen.

I-Galvanizing inezindleko eziphansi, kulula ukuyicubungula, kanye nomphumela omuhle. Amandla ajwayelekile e-zinc aphansi kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-zinc coating iyi-anodic coating yezinsimbi eziningi.

I-Galvanization isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimweni zomkhathi nakwezinye izindawo ezinhle. Kodwa ayifanele ukusetshenziswa njengengxenye yokungqubuzana.

Ci-hrome plating

Izici: Ezingxenyeni ezithinta umoya wolwandle noma amanzi olwandle, kanye nasemanzini ashisayo angaphezu kwama-70℃, i-cadmium plating izinzile, inokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla, ukuthambisa okuhle, futhi incibilika kancane ku-hydrochloric acid encibilikisiwe, kodwa incibilika kakhulu ku-nitric acid futhi ayincibiliki ku-alkali. I-oxide yayo nayo ayincibiliki emanzini. I-cadmium plating ithambile kune-zinc coating, ine-hydrogen embrittle encane futhi inamathelana ngokuqinile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ze-electrolytic, uqweqwe lwe-cadmium olutholakalayo lujabulisa kakhulu ngobuhle kunoqweqwe lwe-zinc. Kodwa igesi ekhiqizwa yi-cadmium ngesikhathi sokuncibilika inobuthi, kanti nosawoti we-cadmium oncibilikayo nawo unobuthi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-cadmium isebenza njengoqweqwe lwe-cathodic ensimbini futhi njengoqweqwe lwe-anodic ezindaweni zasemanzini nasezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu.

Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuvikela izingxenye ekugqwaleni komoya okubangelwa amanzi olwandle noma izixazululo ezifanayo zikasawoti, kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi olwandle ogcwele. Izingxenye eziningi ezimbonini zezindiza, zasemanzini, kanye nezama-elekthronikhi, iziphethu, kanye nezingxenye ezinezintambo zimbozwe nge-cadmium. Ingapholishwa, ixutshwe nge-phosphate, futhi isetshenziswe njengesisekelo sopende, kodwa ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengesitsha.

Ukufakwa kwe-Chromium

izici:

I-Chromium izinzile kakhulu ezindaweni ezinomswakama, i-alkaline, i-nitric acid, i-sulfide, izixazululo ze-carbonate, kanye nama-organic acid, futhi incibilika kalula ku-hydrochloric acid kanye ne-hot concentrated sulfuric acid. Ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla aqondile, uma ungqimba lwe-chromium lusebenza njenge-anode, luncibilika kalula kusisombululo se-caustic soda.

Isendlalelo se-chromium sinokunamathela okuqinile, ubulukhuni obuphezulu, 800-1000V, ukumelana okuhle nokuguguleka, ukukhanya okunamandla, kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Asishintshi umbala ongaphansi kuka-480℃, iqala ukugcwala ngaphezu kwama-500℃, futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ubulukhuni ku-700℃. Ububi bayo ukuthi i-chromium iqinile, iyaphuka, futhi ithambekele ekuqhekekeni, ikakhulukazi uma ibhekene nemithwalo yokushayisana eshintshashintshayo. Futhi inezimbobo.

Insimbi ye-Chromium ithambekele ekuphazamisekeni emoyeni, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwefilimu yokudlulisa amandla futhi ngaleyo ndlela kushintshe amandla e-chromium. Ngakho-ke, i-chromium iba yi-cathodic coating ensimbini.

Akukuhle ukufaka i-direct chrome plating njengesendlalelo sokulwa nokugqwala ebusweni bezingxenye zensimbi. Ngokuvamile, i-electroplating enezingqimba eziningi (okungukuthi i-copper plating)→i-nickel plating→i-chromium plating) iyadingeka ukuze kufezwe injongo yokugqwala

ukuvimbela nokuhlobisa. Okwamanje isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana nokuguguleka kwezingxenye, ukulungisa ubukhulu, ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya, kanye nokukhanya kokuhlobisa.

I-Nickel plating

izici:

I-Nickel inamandla amakhemikhali amahle emoyeni kanye nesisombululo se-alkaline, ayishintshi umbala kalula, futhi i-oxidized kuphela emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-600° C. Incibilika kancane ku-sulfuric acid kanye ne-hydrochloric acid, kodwa incibilika kalula ku-nitric acid encibilikisiwe. Incibilika kalula ku-nitric acid egxilile ngakho-ke inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala.

I-nickel plating inobulukhuni obuphezulu, kulula ukuyipholisha, inamandla okukhanya aphezulu, futhi ingandisa ubuhle. Ububi bayo ukuthi inezimbobo. Ukuze kunqotshwe lobu buthakathaka, kungasetshenziswa izembozo zensimbi ezinezingqimba eziningi, kanye ne-nickel njengengqimba ephakathi.

I-Nickel iyisimbozo se-cathodic sensimbi kanye nesimbozo se-anodic sethusi.

Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuvikela izembozo zokuhlobisa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugqwala futhi kwandiswe ukubukeka okuhle. I-nickel plating emikhiqizweni yethusi ilungele ukuvimbela ukugqwala, kodwa ngenxa yenani eliphezulu le-nickel, ama-alloy e-copper tin avame ukusetshenziswa esikhundleni se-nickel plating.