Galvanizing
Àgwà:
Zinc na-adịgide n'ikuku kpọrọ nkụ, ọ naghịkwa agbanwe agba ya ngwa ngwa. N'ime mmiri na ebe mmiri dị, ọ na-emeghachi omume na oxygen ma ọ bụ carbon dioxide iji mepụta ihe nkiri oxide ma ọ bụ alkaline zinc carbonate, nke nwere ike igbochi zinc ịnọgide na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha ma na-enye nchebe.
Zinc nwere ike ibute ire ere nke ukwuu na asịd, alkalis, na sulfide. A na-ejikarị akwa galvanized agwọ passivation. Mgbe passivation gasịrị na chromic acid ma ọ bụ chromate solution, ihe nkiri passivation nke e mepụtara anaghị ekpughere ikuku mmiri nke ọma, nke na-eme ka ikike mgbochi ire ere ya dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu. Maka akụkụ mmiri, akụkụ mgbidi dị gịrịgịrị (ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi <0.5m), na akụkụ ígwè nke chọrọ ike igwe dị elu, a ga-ewepụ hydrogen, ebe akụkụ ọla kọpa na ọla kọpa nwere ike ọ gaghị achọ iwepụ hydrogen.
Galvanization nwere ọnụ ala dị ala, nhazi dị mfe, yana ezigbo mmetụta. Ike nkịtị nke zinc adịghị mma, yabụ mkpuchi zinc bụ mkpuchi anodic maka ọtụtụ ọla.
A na-ejikarị galvanization eme ihe n'ebe ikuku na gburugburu ebe ndị ọzọ dị mma. Mana ọ dịghị mma maka iji ya dịka ihe na-akpata esemokwu.
Cmkpuchi hrome
Àgwà: Maka akụkụ ndị na-emetụ ikuku oké osimiri ma ọ bụ mmiri oké osimiri aka, nakwa na mmiri ọkụ karịrị 70℃, mkpuchi cadmium kwụsiri ike, nwere ike iguzogide nchara siri ike, mmanụ dị mma, ma na-agbaze nwayọ nwayọ na acid hydrochloric a gwakọtara agwakọta, mana ọ na-agbaze nke ukwuu na nitric acid ma ọ naghị agbaze na alkali. Oxide ya anaghị agbazekwa na mmiri. Mkpuchi cadmium dị nro karịa mkpuchi zinc, enweghị hydrogen embrittle na nrapado siri ike.
Ọzọkwa, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ nke elektrọlik, mkpuchi cadmium e nwetara na-atọ ụtọ karịa mkpuchi zinc. Mana gas nke cadmium na-emepụta n'oge agbaze na-egbu egbu, nnu cadmium na-agbaze na-egbukwa egbu. N'ọnọdụ nkịtị, cadmium na-arụ ọrụ dị ka mkpuchi kathodic na ígwè na dị ka mkpuchi anodic na ikuku oke osimiri na okpomọkụ dị elu.
A na-ejikarị ya echebe akụkụ dị iche iche site na mmebi ikuku nke mmiri oké osimiri ma ọ bụ ihe ndị yiri ya na-akpata, yana uzuoku mmiri oké osimiri jupụtara. Ọtụtụ akụkụ dị na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu, ụgbọ mmiri, na eletrọnịkị, isi iyi, na akụkụ eri nwere ka e ji cadmium kpuchie. Enwere ike ịchacha ya, tinye ya na phosphate, ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka ntọala agba, mana enweghị ike iji ya dị ka arịa.
Mkpuchi Chromium
njirimara:
Chromium siri ike nke ukwuu n'ebe mmiri dị, alkaline, nitric acid, sulfide, carbonate solutions, na organic acid, ọ na-agbazekwa ngwa ngwa na hydrochloric acid na sulfuric acid ọkụ concentrated. N'okpuru ọrụ nke direct current, ọ bụrụ na chromium oyi akwa na-arụ ọrụ dị ka anode, ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri caustic soda.
Oyi akwa chromium nwere nrapado siri ike, ike siri ike dị elu, 800-1000V, ezigbo ike iyi, ìhè na-enwu nke ọma, yana oke okpomọkụ. Ọ naghị agbanwe agba n'okpuru 480℃, na-amalite ịcha oxidize karịa 500℃, ma na-ebelata ike siri ike nke ukwuu na 700℃Ihe na-adịghị mma ya bụ na chromium siri ike, gbajie agbaji, ma nwee ike ịgbawa, ọkachasị mgbe ọ na-enwe ibu dị iche iche. Ọ na-enwekwa porosity.
Ọ na-adị mfe ịnweta passivation n'ikuku, nke na-eme ka e nwee ihe nkiri passivation ma si otú a gbanwee ikike nke chromium. Ya mere, chromium na-aghọ ihe mkpuchi kathodic n'elu ígwè.
Ọ dịghị mma itinye ihe mkpuchi chrome kpọmkwem dị ka ihe mgbochi ire ere n'elu akụkụ ígwè. N'ozuzu, a na-eji ọtụtụ ihe mkpuchi elektrọnik (dịka mkpuchi ọla kọpa) eme ihe→mkpuchi nickel→a chọrọ iji chromium plating) mezuo ebumnuche nke nchara
mgbochi na ịchọ mma. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe ugbu a iji melite iguzogide iyi nke akụkụ, ịrụzi akụkụ, ntụgharị ìhè, na ọkụ ịchọ mma.
Nkwadebe nickel
njirimara:
Nickel nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ na ikuku yana ihe ngwọta alkaline, ọ naghị agbanwe agba ngwa ngwa, a na-agbakwa ya naanị na okpomọkụ karịrị 600° C. Ọ na-agbaze nwayọ nwayọ na sulfuric acid na hydrochloric acid, mana ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na nitric acid a gwakọtara agwakọta. Ọ na-adị mfe iwepụ ya na nitric acid a gwakọtara agwakọta, ya mere ọ na-eguzogide nchara nke ọma.
Nkwakọba nickel nwere ike siri ike, ọ dị mfe ịcha, ọ na-egosipụta ìhè nke ọma, ma nwee ike ime ka mma dịkwuo mma. Ihe na-adịghị mma ya bụ na ọ nwere porosity. Iji merie nsogbu a, enwere ike iji mkpuchi ígwè nwere ọtụtụ oyi akwa, yana nickel dị ka oyi akwa etiti.
Nickel bụ ihe mkpuchi kathodic maka ígwè na ihe mkpuchi anodic maka ọla kọpa.
A na-ejikarị ya echebe ihe mkpuchi ịchọ mma iji gbochie ire ere ma mee ka mma mara mma. Itinye nickel n'elu ngwaahịa ọla kọpa dị mma maka mgbochi ire ere, mana n'ihi oke uru nickel, a na-ejikarị ihe ndị e ji ọla kọpa tin mee eme ihe kama iji nickel mee ihe.
Oge ozi: Nọvemba-14-2024
