Umehluko phakathi kwe-galvanizing, i-cadmium plating, i-chrome plating, ne-nickel plating

Galvanizing

Izici:

I-Zinc izinzile emoyeni owomile futhi ayiguquki kalula. Ezindaweni ezimanzi nezinomswakama, ihlangana ne-oxygen noma i-carbon dioxide yakhe i-oxide noma amafilimu e-alkaline zinc carbonate, angavimbela i-zinc ukuthi ingaqhubeki ne-oxidize futhi inikeze ukuvikeleka.

I-Zinc isengozini enkulu yokugqwala kuma-asidi, ama-alkali, nama-sulfide. Isendlalelo esinothayela ngokuvamile sidinga ukwelashwa kwe-passivation. Ngemva kokudlula ku-chromic acid noma isisombululo se-chromate, ifilimu ye-passivation eyakhiwe ayivezwa kalula emoyeni onomswakama, ithuthukisa kakhulu ikhono layo lokulwa nokugqwala. Ezingxenyeni zasentwasahlobo, izingxenye ezinodonga oluncane (ubukhulu bodonga <0.5m), nezingxenye zensimbi ezidinga amandla aphezulu omshini, ukukhishwa kwe-hydrogen kufanele kwenziwe, kuyilapho izingxenye ze-alloy zethusi nezethusi zingase zingadingi ukukhishwa kwe-hydrogen.

I-galvanizing inezindleko eziphansi, ukucubungula okulula, nomphumela omuhle. Amandla ajwayelekile e-zinc awalungile, ngakho ukugqoka kwe-zinc kuwukumbozwa kwe-anodic kwezinsimbi eziningi.

I-galvanization isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimweni zomoya kanye nezinye izindawo ezivumayo. Kodwa akufanelekile ukusetshenziswa njengengxenye ye-friction.

Ci-hrome Plating

Izici: Ezingxenyeni ezihlangana nomoya wolwandle noma amanzi olwandle, futhi emanzini ashisayo angaphezu kuka-70℃, i-cadmium plating izinzile uma kuqhathaniswa, inokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile, ukuthambisa okuhle, futhi incibilika kancane ekuhlambulukeni kwe-hydrochloric acid, kodwa incibilika kakhulu ku-nitric acid futhi ayincibiliki ku-alkali. I-oxide yayo nayo ayincibiliki emanzini. I-Cadmium ithambile kune-zinc enamathelayo, i-hydrogen embrittlement encane kanye nokunamathela okuqinile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ze-electrolytic, i-cadmium coating etholiwe ijabulisa kakhulu kunokwemboza kwe-zinc. Kodwa igesi ekhiqizwa i-cadmium lapho incibilika inobuthi, futhi usawoti we-cadmium oncibilikayo nawo unobuthi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-cadmium isebenza njenge-cathodic coating kunsimbi nanjenge-anodic coating ku-oceanic kanye ne-high-temperature atmospheres.

Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuvikela izingxenye ekugqwaleni komkhathi okubangelwa amanzi olwandle noma izixazululo ezifanayo zikasawoti, kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi olwandle agcwele. Izingxenye eziningi ezimbonini zezindiza, ezasolwandle, neze-elekthronikhi, iziphethu, nezingxenye ezinentambo zigcwele i-cadmium. Ingapholishwa, i-phosphated, futhi isetshenziswe njengesisekelo sikapende, kodwa ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengesitsha.

I-Chromium Plating

izici:

I-Chromium izinzile kakhulu emkhathini oswakeme, i-alkaline, i-nitric acid, i-sulfide, izixazululo ze-carbonate, nama-asidi aphilayo, futhi incibilika kalula ku-hydrochloric acid kanye ne-hot concentrated sulfuric acid. Ngaphansi kwesenzo samanje esiqondile, uma ungqimba lwe-chromium lusebenza njenge-anode, luncibilika kalula kusixazululo se-caustic soda.

Isendlalelo se-chromium sinokunamathela okuqinile, ukuqina okuphezulu, i-800-1000V, ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle, ukukhanya okuqinile kokukhanya, nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Ayishintshi umbala ngaphansi kwama-480℃, iqala uku-oxidize ngaphezu kuka-500℃, futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ubulukhuni ngo-700℃. Ububi bayo ukuthi i-chromium iqinile, iyaphuka, futhi ijwayele ukuhlukaniswa, ikakhulukazi uma ingaphansi kwemithwalo yomthelela eshintshanayo. Futhi ine-porosity.

I-Chromium metal ijwayele ukudlula emoyeni, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwefilimu ye-passivation futhi ngaleyo ndlela iguqule amandla e-chromium. Ngakho-ke, i-chromium iba i-cathodic coating on iron.

Akulungile ukufaka i-chrome plating njengongqimba oluphikisana nokugqwala ebusweni bezingxenye zensimbi. Ngokuvamile, i-electroplating enezingqimba eziningi (okungukuthi, i-copper plating→i-nickel plating→i-chromium plating) iyadingeka ukuze kuzuzwe inhloso yokugqwala

ukuvimbela kanye nomhlobiso. Njengamanje isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana nokugqokwa kwezingxenye, ukulungisa ubukhulu, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, nokukhanyisa kokuhlobisa.

I-Nickel Plating

izici:

I-Nickel inokusimama okuhle kwamakhemikhali emkhathini kanye nesisombululo se-alkaline, ayiguquki kalula, futhi ifakwa i-oxidized kuphela emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-600.° C. Incibilika kancane ku-sulfuric acid ne-hydrochloric acid, kodwa incibilika kalula ku-dilute nitric acid. Idlula kalula ku-nitric acid egxilile futhi ngenxa yalokho inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.

I-nickel plating inobulukhuni obuphezulu, kulula ukuyipholisha, inokukhanya okuphezulu, futhi ingakhuphula ubuhle. Ububi bayo ukuthi ine-porosity. Ukuze unqobe lokhu kungalungile, kungasetshenziswa izimbotshana zensimbi ezinezingqimba eziningi, nge-nickel njengongqimba oluphakathi.

I-Nickel iyi-cathodic coating yensimbi kanye ne-anodic coating yethusi.

Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvikela izigqoko zokuhlobisa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugqwala futhi kwandise ukukhanga kobuhle. Ukufakwa kwe-nickel emikhiqizweni yethusi kulungele ukuvimbela ukugqwala, kodwa ngenxa yenani eliphakeme le-nickel, ama-alloys ethusi ethusi avame ukusetshenziswa esikhundleni se-nickel plating.