Ku ya 17 Gashyantare 2022, Komisiyo y'Uburayi yasohoye itangazo rya nyuma ryerekana ko icyemezo cya nyuma cyo gushyiraho umusoro ku byuma bifunga ibyuma bikomoka muri Repubulika y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa ari 22.1%-86.5%, ibi bikaba bihuye n'ibyatangajwe mu Ukuboza umwaka ushize. Muri byo, Jiangsu Yongyi yari ifite 22.1%, Ningbo Jinding 46.1%, Wenzhou Junhao 48.8%, andi masosiyete yasubije 39.6%, n'andi masosiyete adasubije 86.5%. Iri tegeko rizatangira gukurikizwa umunsi ukurikira itangazo.
Jin Meizi yasanze atari ibikoresho byose byo gufunga biri muri uru rubanza bitarimo imbuto z'icyuma na rivets. Nyamuneka reba ku mpera y'iyi nkuru kugira ngo umenye ibicuruzwa byihariye biri muri urwo rubanza n'amategeko agenga gasutamo.
Kubera iki gikorwa cyo kwanga gutakaza ibicuruzwa, abashoramari bo mu Bushinwa bagaragaje ko bamagana cyane ibicuruzwa byabo kandi babyamaganye bikomeye.
Dukurikije imibare ya gasutamo y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, mu 2020, Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi watumije toni 643.308 z’ibifunga bivuye mu Bushinwa, bifite agaciro ka 1.125.522.464 by’amayero, bigatuma ari cyo gihugu gifite isoko rinini ry’ibifunga mu mahanga muri uwo Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi. Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi ushora imisoro myinshi mu kurwanya itaka ku gihugu cyanjye, ibyo bikaba bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku bigo byo mu gihugu bishora mu mahanga ku isoko ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi.
Abashoramari bo mu gihugu babyitwaramo bate?
Urebye ikibazo cya nyuma cy’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi cyo kurwanya imyuka mibi, kugira ngo hakemurwe inshingano zikomeye z’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi zo kurwanya imyuka mibi, amwe mu masosiyete yohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga yafashe ibyago maze yohereza ibicuruzwa byo mu bwoko bwa “fasteners” mu bihugu bya gatatu, nka Maleziya, Tayilande n’ibindi bihugu, binyuze mu kunyereza. Igihugu cy’inkomoko kiba igihugu cya gatatu.
Nk’uko amakuru aturuka mu nganda z’i Burayi abivuga, uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru bwo kongera kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga binyuze mu gihugu cya gatatu buranyuranyije n’amategeko muri EU. Iyo bumaze kuboneka muri gasutamo z’i Burayi, abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bo muri EU bazacibwa amande menshi cyangwa ndetse bagafungwa. Kubwibyo, abenshi mu batumiza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bya EU babizi neza ntibemera ubu buryo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bya gatatu, bitewe n’uko EU igenzura cyane ibijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
None se, mu gihe EU irwanya ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa byo mu mahanga, abashora imari mu gihugu batekereza iki? Bazabyifatamo bate?
Jin Meizi yaganiriye n'abantu bamwe na bamwe bo muri urwo rwego.
Umuyobozi wa Zhou wa Zhejiang Haiyan Zhengmao Standard Parts Co., Ltd. yagize ati: Isosiyete yacu yihariye mu gukora ibifunga bitandukanye, cyane cyane vis z'imashini na vis zifunga ubwazo. Isoko ry'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi rigize 35% by'isoko ryacu ryo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga. Kuri iyi nshuro, twitabiriye igikorwa cyo kurwanya ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa mu muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, maze amaherezo tubona umusoro mwiza wa 39.6%. Uburambe bw'imyaka myinshi mu bucuruzi bw'amahanga butwereka ko iyo duhuye n'iperereza ryo kurwanya ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ibigo byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bigomba kwitondera no kugira uruhare rugaragara mu gusubiza ikirego.
Zhou Qun, umuyobozi mukuru wungirije wa Zhejiang Minmetals Huitong Import and Export Co., Ltd., yagaragaje ati: Ibicuruzwa by’ingenzi byoherezwa mu mahanga bya sosiyete yacu ni ibifunga rusange n’ibice bitari bisanzwe, kandi amasoko akomeye arimo Amerika ya Ruguru, Amerika yo Hagati n’Amajyepfo n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, aho ibyoherezwa mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi biri munsi ya 10%. Mu iperereza rya mbere ryakozwe n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi ryo kurwanya ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa, isoko ry’ikigo cyacu mu Burayi ryagizweho ingaruka zikomeye bitewe n’uko ikirego kitakiriwe neza. Iperereza ryo kurwanya ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa kuri iyi nshuro ryatewe nuko isoko ritari riri hejuru kandi ntitwasubije ikirego.
Kurwanya ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihe gito, ariko bitewe n’uko inganda n’ubunyamwuga by’ibicuruzwa rusange byo mu Bushinwa bingana, igihe cyose abohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bitabira ikirego mu itsinda, bagakorana na Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi n’itsinda ry’inganda ry’ubucuruzi, kandi bagakomeza kuvugana hafi n’abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga n’abakwirakwiza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ku nzego zose z’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, babajijuye cyane ko uburyo Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi urwanya ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa buzagira icyo bugeraho.
Bwana Ye wo muri Yuyao Yuxin Hardware Industry Co., Ltd. yagize ati: Isosiyete yacu ikora cyane cyane ku bijyanye n'imigozi yo kwagura nka casing gecko, gecko yo gusana imodoka, gecko yo mu ijosi, gecko idafite aho ihuriye n'imodoka, na gecko ikomeye. Muri rusange, ibicuruzwa byacu ntabwo ari ibyo muri iki gihe. , ariko ibisobanuro byihariye by'uburyo EU ishyirwa mu bikorwa ntibirasobanuka neza, kuko bimwe mu bicuruzwa birimo n'imigozi yo kumesa n'imigozi kandi ntabwo bazi niba bigomba gukurwaho ukwabyo (cyangwa se bitari mu cyiciro cyihariye). Nabajije bamwe mu bakiriya b'iyi sosiyete b'i Burayi, maze bose bavuga ko ingaruka zitari zikomeye. N'ubundi kandi, mu bijyanye n'ibyiciro by'ibicuruzwa, turi mu bicuruzwa bike.
Umuyobozi w’ikigo gishinzwe kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga muri Jiaxing yavuze ko kubera ko ibicuruzwa byinshi by’ikigo byoherezwa mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, natwe duhangayikishijwe cyane n’iki kibazo. Ariko, twasanze mu rutonde rw’andi masosiyete y’amakoperative ari ku mugereka w’itangazo ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, uretse inganda zikora ibikoresho mu buryo bworoshye, hari n’andi masosiyete y’ubucuruzi. Amasosiyete afite imisoro iri hejuru ashobora gukomeza kubungabunga amasoko yo mu Burayi yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga binyuze mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ku mazina y’amasosiyete afite imisoro iri hasi, bityo bikagabanya igihombo.
Aha, Mushiki wacu Jin atanga kandi inama zimwe na zimwe:
1. Kugabanya ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga no gukwirakwiza isoko. Mu bihe byashize, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihugu cyanjye byari byiganjemo Uburayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ariko nyuma yo kurwanya gutererana ibinyobwa mu myaka yashize, amasosiyete yo mu gihugu yabonye ko "gushyira amagi yose mu gatebo kamwe" atari igikorwa cyiza, maze atangira gushakisha Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, Ubuhinde, n'andi masoko manini arimo kuzamuka, kandi agabanya ku bushake igipimo cy'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bijya i Burayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Muri icyo gihe, amasosiyete menshi yo gufunga ubu arimo guteza imbere cyane ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu, aharanira kugabanya igitutu cy’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga binyuze mu gukurura isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu. Igihugu giherutse gutangiza politiki nshya zo gushishikariza ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku buke bw’ibicuruzwa byo gufunga. Kubwibyo, amasosiyete yo mu gihugu ntashobora gushyira ubutunzi bwayo bwose ku isoko mpuzamahanga kandi akishingikiriza cyane ku masoko y’i Burayi n’Amerika. Kuva ubu, "imbere no hanze" bishobora kuba igikorwa cy’ubwenge.
2. Guteza imbere umurongo w’ibicuruzwa biri hagati kugeza ku bigezweho no kwihutisha iterambere ry’inganda. Kubera ko inganda zo mu Bushinwa zikoresha abakozi benshi kandi agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kari hasi, niba ibikubiye mu ikoranabuhanga bitanozwa, hashobora kubaho amakimbirane menshi mu bucuruzi mu gihe kizaza. Kubwibyo, mu gihe habayeho ipiganwa rikomeye riturutse ku bihugu mpuzamahanga, ni ngombwa ko ibigo by’Abashinwa bikomeza gutera imbere buhoro buhoro, guhindura imiterere, guhanga udushya twigenga, no guhindura uburyo bwo gukura mu bukungu. Inganda zo mu Bushinwa zigomba guhindura kuva ku gaciro gake kajya ku gaciro gake, kuva ku bice bisanzwe kugeza ku bice bidasanzwe byihariye vuba bishoboka, no guharanira kongera imbaraga ku bifunga by’imodoka, ibifunga by’indege, ibifunga by’ingufu za kirimbuzi, nibindi. Ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere no guteza imbere ibifunga by’ingufu zikomeye. Iki ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi cyo kongera ubushobozi bw’ibigo no kwirinda gufatirwa “igiciro gito” no “gutakaza”. Kuri ubu, ibigo byinshi by’imbere mu gihugu byinjiye mu nganda zidasanzwe kandi byageze ku ntsinzi.
3. Ibigo n'amashyirahamwe y'inganda bigomba gukorana mu buryo burambuye no mu buryo butambitse, bigashaka inkunga ya politiki y'igihugu, kandi bigafatanya kurwanya uburinzi mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi. Mu gihe kirekire, politiki z'igihugu zizagira ingaruka ku iterambere ry'inganda zose, cyane cyane kurwanya uburinzi mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi, tutibagiwe n'ubufasha bukomeye bw'igihugu. Muri icyo gihe, iterambere ry'inganda rigomba gutezwa imbere n'amashyirahamwe n'ibigo. Ni ngombwa cyane gushimangira ubufatanye hagati y'ibigo, gushimangira iterambere n'iterambere ry'amashyirahamwe y'inganda, no gufasha ibigo kurwanya imanza mpuzamahanga zitandukanye. Ariko, uburinzi mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi nko kurwanya uburinzi no kurwanya uburinzi bw'amasosiyete gusa akenshi bugomba kuba budafite imbaraga kandi budafite imbaraga. Kuri ubu, "ubufasha mu bya politiki" n' "ubufasha mu by'amashyirahamwe" biracyafite urugendo rurerure, kandi imirimo myinshi igomba gusuzumwa no gukemurwa imwe ku yindi, nko politiki zo kurengera umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge, amahame y'inganda n'amahame ngenderwaho, hamwe n'ubushakashatsi buhuriweho mu ikoranabuhanga n'iterambere. , imanza z'ubucuruzi, n'ibindi.
4. Guteza imbere amasoko menshi kugira ngo kwagure "uruziga rw'inshuti". Ukurikije uburyo ubwinshi bw'ahantu, ibigo bigomba kwita ku masoko yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga, gushyiraho urufatiro rwo kwaguka hanze hashingiwe ku busabe bw'imbere mu gihugu ku bicuruzwa na serivisi byiza, no gushakisha isoko mpuzamahanga mu buryo bufatika mu gihe bikomeza kugira umutekano. Ku rundi ruhande, birasabwa ko ibigo binoza imiterere y'isoko mpuzamahanga ry'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, guhindura imiterere y'ibigo bitanga isoko rimwe gusa mu mahanga, no gukora imiterere myinshi y'isoko ryo mu mahanga kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago byo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu gihugu.
5. Kunoza ikoranabuhanga n'ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa na serivisi. Ukurikije imiterere y'ikirere, ibigo bigomba kwihutisha impinduka no kuvugurura, kongeramo andi mahitamo mashya, atari ibicuruzwa byo mu bihe byashize gusa, gufungura andi mashami mashya, no guhinga no guhanga ibyiza bishya mu irushanwa mpuzamahanga ry'ubucuruzi. Niba ikigo gifite ubuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi mu bice by'ingenzi, bizafasha kubaka ubushobozi bw'ibanze mu gupiganwa kw'ibicuruzwa, bizoroha gusobanukirwa imbaraga z'ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa, hanyuma bagashobora gusubiza neza izamuka ry'imisoro ku bicuruzwa mu Burayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'ibindi bihugu. Ibigo bigomba kongera ishoramari mu ikoranabuhanga, kunoza ubushobozi bwo gupiganwa ku bicuruzwa, no kubona amadara menshi binyuze mu kuvugurura ibicuruzwa.
6. Guhuza hagati y’abafatanya byongera icyizere. Amashyirahamwe amwe y’inganda yagaragaje ko inganda zikora imashini zifunga ibintu ziri munsi y’igitutu gikomeye muri iki gihe, kandi Uburayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byashyizeho imisoro myinshi ku bigo by’Abashinwa, ariko ntugire ikibazo, ibiciro byacu by’imashini zifunga ibintu mu gihugu biracyafite inyungu. Ni ukuvuga ko bagenzi bacu bicana, kandi bagenzi bacu bagomba kwishyira hamwe kugira ngo barebe ko ubuziranenge buhari. Ubu ni uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana n’intambara z’ubucuruzi.
7. Ibigo byose bifasha mu gufunga ibicuruzwa bigomba kongera itumanaho n'amashyirahamwe y'ubucuruzi. Kubona amakuru y'uburinzi bw'"garanti ebyiri zirwanya imwe" ku gihe, no gukora akazi keza mu gukumira ibyago ku isoko ry'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.
8. Gushimangira ihererekanyamakuru mpuzamahanga n'itumanaho. Gukorana n'abanyamahanga batumiza ibicuruzwa, abakoresha ibicuruzwa byo mu nganda n'abaguzi kugira ngo bagabanye igitutu cyo kurinda ubucuruzi. Byongeye kandi, fata umwanya wo kuvugurura ibicuruzwa n'inganda, uhinduke buhoro buhoro uva ku nyungu zigereranywa ujya ku nyungu zipiganwa, kandi ukoreshe kohereza mu mahanga inganda zikora imashini zo mu nganda n'izindi nganda kugira ngo uteze imbere ibicuruzwa by'ikigo. Ni uburyo bukwiye kandi bwo kwirinda amakimbirane mu bucuruzi no kugabanya igihombo muri iki gihe.
Ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri iki gikoresho cyo kwirinda gutakaza amazi birimo: ibifunga bimwe na bimwe by'icyuma (usibye icyuma kidashonga), ari byo: vis z'ibiti (usibye vis za lag), vis zo kwikoraho, izindi vis zo mu mutwe na bolts (zaba zifite cyangwa zitarimo nut cyangwa oushers, ariko hatarimo vis na bolts zo gufata ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gari ya moshi) n'imashini zo kumesa.
Kode za gasutamo zirimo: Kode za CN 7318 1290, 7318 14 91, 7318 14 99, 731815 58, 7318 15 68, 7318 15 82, 7318 15 88, ex7318 15 95 (Kode za TARIC 7318 1595 19 na 7318 8) 7318 21 00 (TariccoDes 7318 21 00 31, 7318 21 0039, 7318 21 00 95) na EX7318 22 00 (Kode za Taric 7318 22 00 31, 7318 22 00 39, 7318 22 0095 na 7318 2200 98).
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-09-2022
