Zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza pamwamba ndiokosijeni, electrophoresis, electroplating, Dacromet magulu anayi, zotsatirazi makamaka ndi zosokonezamtundu za chithandizo cha pamwamba pa chidule cha magulu.
- Chakuda okusayidi：
Kugawika m'magulu awiri: kufinya kutentha kwa chipinda ndi kufinya kutentha kwambiri, kufinya kutentha kwa chipinda monga chitsanzo cha njira iyi ndi: kuchotsa mafuta m'thupi - kutsuka ndi madzi otentha - kutsuka ndi madzi ozizira - kuchotsa dzimbiri ndi kupukuta asidi - kuyeretsa - kufinya - kuyeretsa - Kuphimba ndi mafuta kapena kutseka. Ndi wosanjikiza wa filimu ya oxide yopangidwa ndi sodium hydroxide ndi sodium nitrite pa kutentha kwakukulu koposa madigiri 100.
Gawo lalikulu la filimu ya oxide ndi iron tetraoxide (Fe3C4), kufanana kwa filimuyi ndi 0.6-1.5um yokha, kukana dzimbiri kumakhala kochepa, ngati sikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena kutseka kwa salt spray kwa maola 1-2 okha kapena kuposerapo, pa mafutawo pakatha maola 3-4 kapena kuposerapo. Zipangizo zazing'ono sizigwiritsa ntchito njirayi pakadali pano. Zosiyana ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu, oxide wakuda ndi zinc wakuda ndi electrophoretic wakuda zimatseka, koma osati zowala ngati zinc wakuda ndi electrophoretic wakuda.
- Galvanise：
Kupaka kwa electroplating wakuda kuli ndi mitundu iwiri ya zinc yakuda ndi nickel yakuda, mfundo ya ndondomekoyi ndi yofanana, kokha kupanga njira ya electroplating ndi pambuyo pa chithandizo ndi njira zosiyanasiyana za lattice kapena passivation. Zinc imagwira ntchito mwa mankhwala, yosavuta kusungunuka ndi kuipitsa mumlengalenga, ndipo pamapeto pake imapanga dzimbiri loyera, zinc plating pambuyo pa chithandizo cha chromate kuti iphimbe wosanjikiza wa zinc pa filimu yosinthira mankhwala, kotero kuti chitsulo chogwira ntchito chili mu mkhalidwe wosagwira ntchito, ndi passivation ya wosanjikiza wa zinc. Filimu ya Passivation kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ake ingagawidwe kukhala passivation yoyera (zinc yoyera), buluu wopepuka (zinc yabuluu), passivation yakuda (zinc yakuda), passivation yobiriwira yankhondo (zinc yobiriwira) ndi zina zotero.
- Electrophoresis Wakuda：
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yamagetsi yoyika tinthu ta colloidal ta utomoni wachilengedwe pazigawo kuti tipange utoto wachilengedwe wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, electrophoresis wakuda imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani, mwachitsanzo, njira yakuda: kuchotsa mafuta, kuyeretsa, phosphating, electrophoresis, kuyanika utoto. Ikhoza kugawidwa mu anodic electrophoresis (resin ionisation mu negative ions) ndi cathodic electrophoresis (resin electrophoresis mu positive ions), ndipo njira yopenta poyerekeza ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito ndi yabwino, kuipitsa chilengedwe ndi kuwononga chilengedwe kuti chichepetse kukana kwake ku neutral salt spray performance mu maola 300 kapena kuposerapo, mtengo ndi kukana dzimbiri ndi njira ya Dacromet ndizofanana.
- Zinki yoyera：
Njira yopangira ma electroplating ndi iyi: kuchotsa mafuta – kuyeretsa – kufewetsa asidi wofooka – kupangira ma electroplating zinc – kuyeretsa – tsitsi loyera lopanda madzi – kuyeretsa – kuumitsa, ndipo kusiyana kwa zinc wakuda siko. Kusiyana kwa njira yothetsera ma lat rack ndi passivation, kuyeretsa koyera ndi filimu yopanda utoto ya zinc oxide, pafupifupi palibe chromium, kotero kukana dzimbiri poyerekeza ndi zinc wakuda, zinc wabuluu, zinc wamitundu ndi woipa, muyezo wamakampani mu maola 6-12, pali wopanga ma plating uyu powonjezera kulondola kwa chiŵerengero cha njira yothetsera ma passivation. Izi zitha kuchitika kuti zitsuke kupopera kwa mchere kwa maola pafupifupi 20.
Chifukwa cha mtundu wa zinc plating pamwamba pa pulasitiki, zomangira za mchere wosasunthika zinayamba kuonekera pamwamba pa pulasitiki, dzimbiri lofiira limapezeka pafupifupi maola 40, kotero kukana dzimbiri loyera la zinc ndikwabwino kuposa nickel yoyera. Maonekedwe ndi nickel yoyera poyerekeza ndi zinc yakuda, zinc yoyera ya mtundu woyambirira wa zinc wobiriwira-woyera, ndi nickel yoyera poyerekeza ndi kusiyana kwakukulu.
- Nikeli Woyera：
Njira yopangira ma plating ndi: kuchotsa mafuta – kuyeretsa – kuyambitsa asidi wofooka – kuyeretsa – pansi pa mkuwa – kuyambitsa – kuyeretsa – electroplating nickel- Kuyeretsa – kusuntha – kuyeretsa – kuumitsa – kapena kutseka, ndipo njira yakuda ya nickel ndi yofanana, makamaka njira yothetsera ma plating ndi yosiyana, zinc sulfide yochepa ndi join. Nickel ndi chitsulo chachikasu choyera, kuti chiwoneke bwino, chidzagwirizana ndi chowunikira chomwe chimakutidwa ndi nickel. Kukana kwake dzimbiri ndi nickel wakuda sikosiyana kwambiri ndi maola 6-12, njira ya opanga ambiri idzakhalanso yodzaza ndi mafuta kapena kutsekedwa, monga kuganizira momwe dzimbiri limakhudzira magawo apulasitiki a zinthu zomwe zikubwera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholinga chowongolera ngati mafuta kapena ayi.
- Zinki yabuluu, zinki yobiriwira：
Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi ya zinc yoyera, zinc yabuluu ndi yopanda zinc oxide filimu yokhala ndi 0.5-0.6mg/dm2 ya chromium ya trivalent. Kupanda zinc kobiriwira, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti five-acid passivation, kumatha kupeza filimu yobiriwira ngati udzu, yankho la kupanda zinc lili ndi ma phosphate ions, ndipo filimu yonyezimira ngati udzu wobiriwira ndi filimu yoteteza yovuta, yopangidwa mwaluso ya ma chromates ndi ma phosphates.
Chifukwa cha kukana dzimbiri, zinki yabuluu ndi yabwino kuposa zinki yoyera, pomwe zinki yobiriwira ndi yabwino kuposa zinki yabuluu. Mtundu wa zinki yabuluu ndi wabuluu pang'ono ndipo zinki yoyera ndi yofanana ndi mafakitale kuti agwiritse ntchito kwambiri, yomalizayi ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati kapangidwe kazinthu pamene njira ina yopangira zomangira imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Zinc yopangidwa ndi enamel (chemistry)：
Mu gulu la galvanizing la njira ya zinc yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, pali kukana dzimbiri kwabwino, njira yake yochotsera dzimbiri ndi iyi: galvanizing - kuyeretsa - 2% - 3% nitric acid kunja kwa kuwala - kuyeretsa - chromium yochepa yochotsera madzi - kuyeretsa - Kuphika ukalamba. Kutentha kwa galvanizing ndi kotsika kwambiri, filimuyo ndi yopepuka, yopyapyala. Kutentha kwambiri, filimuyo ndi yokhuthala komanso yomasuka, yosalumikizidwa bwino. Ndibwino kuwongolera pa madigiri pafupifupi 25 kuti muwonetsetse kuti mtundu womwewo wapezeka mkati mwa nthawi inayake.
Pambuyo pa kuzizira, iyenera kuphikidwa ndi kukonzedwa kuti iwonjezere kulimba ndi kukana dzimbiri kwa filimuyo. Ikani utoto pa zinki zokulungira pokhudza pansi pa kukana kupopera mchere kwa maola opitilira 48, kuwongolera bwino kumatha kuchitika kwa maola opitilira 100.
- Dacromet：
Ndi chidule ndi kumasulira kwa DACROMET, mwachitsanzo, chophimba choteteza cha mchere chochokera ku zinc chopangidwa ndi chromium salt, chomwe chimatchedwanso kuti zinc-aluminium coating. Njira yoyambira ndi iyi: kuchotsa mafuta - kuchotsa mafuta - chophimba - kutentha koyambirira - kuzizira. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi nthawi 2-4 kuyambira pakuphimba mpaka pakuzizira, chifukwa zomangira zokhala ndi chophimba choviika kuti zikwaniritse makulidwe enaake ziyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zambiri.
Kapangidwe kake kali pamwamba pa chitsulo, kokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa yankho la Dacromet (monga, lokhala ndi mamba a zinc, aluminiyamu [mamba nthawi zambiri amakhala 0.1-0.2X10-15 microns] Cr03 ndi zinthu zapadera zachilengedwe za yankho lamadzi losakanikirana kwambiri), ndi kutentha kwa 300 ° C kapena kupitirira apo kutentha kukaphika nthawi inayake, madzi a Dacromet mu hexavalent chromium amachepetsedwa kukhala trivalent chromium, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale amorphous composite chromate compounds (nCr03) mCr203).
Kukana dzimbiri ndi kwabwino kwambiri. Mchere wosalowerera mpaka maola 300 kapena kuposerapo, vuto la chophimbacho silofanana, malo ochepa a 5-10um, malo okhuthala a 40um kapena kuposerapo, zidzakhudza kuya kwa m'mimba mwake wa screw, kotero makina ogwiritsira ntchito zomangira ndi zomangira zokhala ndi m'mimba mwake waung'ono wa screws ndiabwino kwambiri kuti musagwiritse ntchito njira ya Dacromet ngati mankhwala ochizira pamwamba.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-18-2024
