Hababka daaweynta dusha sare ee loo isticmaalo boolalku waaoksaydheynta, electrophoresis, electroplating, Dacromet afar qaybood, kuwa soo socdaa inta badan waa in la xidhomidab daaweynta dusha sare ee soo koobidda kala soocidda.
- Madow oksaydh:
Waxaa loo qaybiyaa madoobaadka heerkulka qolka iyo madoobaadka heerkulka sare, ilaa madoobaadka heerkulka qolka tusaale ahaan habkan waa: saliidaynta kiimikada - dhaqidda biyaha kulul - dhaqidda biyaha qabow - ka saarista miridhku iyo xoqidda aashitada - nadiifinta - madoobaadka - nadiifinta - Saliidda korkeeda ama si xad dhaaf ah loo xiray. Waa lakab filim oksaydh ah oo ay sameeyeen sodium hydroxide iyo sodium nitrite heerkul sare oo ka badan 100 darajo.
Qaybta ugu weyn ee filimka oksaydhka waa tetraoxide birta ah (Fe3C4), isku-dhafka filimku waa 0.6-1.5um oo keliya, iska caabbinta daxalka waa mid aad u liidata, haddii aan saliiddu ka badanayn ama aan la buufin milix dhexdhexaad ah oo xiran 1-2 saacadood ama wax la mid ah, saliidda ku dul saar 3-4 saacadood gudahood ama wax la mid ah. Qalabka yaryar ma isticmaalaan habkan hadda waa boolal. Waxaa laga soocay muuqaalka midabka, oksaydhka madow iyo zinc madow iyo electrophoretic madow oo xiran, laakiin ma aha mid dhalaalaya sida zinc madow iyo midabka madow ee electrophoretic.
- Galvanise:
Elektroplating-ka madow wuxuu leeyahay laba nooc oo zinc madow ah iyo nickel madow, mabda'a habkani waa isku mid, kaliya qaabaynta xalka electroplating-ka iyo daaweynta kadib iyadoo la adeegsanayo xal kala duwan oo shabag ama passivation ah. Zinc waa mid kiimiko ahaan firfircoon, si fudud loo oksaydhi karo oo mugdi ku noqon karo jawiga, ugu dambayntiina wuxuu soo saaraa daxalka 'midhaha cad', dahaarka zinc-ka ka dib daaweynta chromate si loo daboolo lakabka zinc-ka ee filimka beddelka kiimikada, si birta firfircooni ay ugu jirto xaalad aan firfircoonayn, waa passivation-ka lakabka zinc. Filimka Passivation-ka laga soo bilaabo muuqaalka waxaa loo qaybin karaa passivation cad (zinc cad), buluug khafiif ah (zinc buluug ah), passivation madow (zinc madow), passivation cagaaran oo ciidan (zinc cagaaran) iwm.
- Elektroforesis Madow:
Qaadashada habka electrochemical si loogu shubo walxaha colloidal ee resin organic qaybo si loo sameeyo lakab dahaadh organic ah oo midabyo kala duwan leh, electrophoresis black waxaa loo isticmaalaa warshadaha badan, tusaale ahaan habka madow: nadiifinta-nadiifinta-phosphating-electrophoresis rinji-qallajinta. Waxaa loo qaybin karaa anodic electrophoresis (resin ionization to negative ions) iyo cathodic electrophoresis (resin electrophoresis to positive ions), habka rinjiga marka la barbar dhigo waxqabadka dhismaha waa mid wanaagsan, wasakhowga iyo waxyeelada deegaanka si loo yareeyo iska caabintiisa waxqabadka buufinta milixda dhexdhexaadka ah 300 saacadood ama ka badan, kharashka iyo iska caabbinta daxalka iyo habka Dacromet waa isku mid.
- Caddaan Zinc ah:
Habka Electroplating-ka waa: dufan-ka-saarista - nadiifinta - kicinta aashitada daciifka ah - electroplating zinc - nadiifinta - timaha cad ee passivation - nadiifinta - qalajinta, iyo farqiga zinc madow ma jiro Kala duwanaanshaha xalka passivation-ka ee lat-ka iyo passivation, passivation-ka cad waa filim aan midab lahayn oo zinc oxide ah, ku dhawaad ma jiro chromium, sidaa darteed iska caabbinta daxalka marka loo eego zinc madow, zinc buluug ah, zinc midab leh ayaa ka liita, heerka warshadaha 6-12 saacadood gudahood, waxaa jira soo saarahan dahaadhka ah isagoo hagaajinaya saxnaanta saamiga xalka passivation-ka waxaa la samayn karaa si looga hortago buufinta milixda dhexdhexaadka ah muddo 20 saacadood ah.
Sababtoo ah nooca dahaadhka cad ee zinc-ka dusha sare ee daaweynta boolal si loo sameeyo tijaabo buufin milix dhexdhexaad ah ayaa markii hore ka soo muuqatay dusha sare ee daxalka cad, ifafaalaha miridhku cas wuxuu ku jiraa qiyaastii 40 saacadood gudahood, sidaa darteed iska caabbinta daxalka zinc-ka cad ayaa ka wanaagsan nikkel cad. Muuqaalka iyo nikkel cad marka la barbar dhigo madow, zinc cad oo loogu talagalay midabka asalka ah ee zinc-cagaar-cad, iyo nikkel cad marka la barbar dhigo farqiga weyn.
- Nikkel Cad:
Habka dahaadhida waa: dufan-ka-saarista - nadiifinta - kicinta aashitada daciifka ah - nadiifinta - salka naxaasta - kicinta - nadiifinta - electroplating nikkel- Nadiifinta - passivation - nadiifinta - qalajinta - ama xiran, habka nikkel-ka madow asal ahaan waa isku mid, inta badan qaacidada xalka dahaadhida waa ka duwan tahay, zinc sulfide yar iyo isku-darka. Nikkel waa bir huruud ah oo qalin-cad ah, si muuqaal wanaagsan loo helo, waxay ku biiri doontaa dhalaaliyaha nikkel-ka lagu dahaadhay. Iska caabbinta daxalka iyo nikkel-ka madow ma aha wax badan oo kala duwan 6-12 saacadood, habka soosaarayaasha guud sidoo kale wuxuu noqon doonaa mid ka badan saliid ama xiran, sida tixgelinta saameynta daxalka ee qaybaha balaastikada ah ee walxaha soo socda waa in loo isticmaalaa diiradda saarista xakamaynta in saliiddu ka badan tahay iyo in kale.
- Zinc buluug ah, zinc cagaaran:
Hawshu waxay la mid tahay zinc-ka cad, filimka zinc-ka buluugga ah ee passivated zinc oxide wuxuu ka kooban yahay 0.5-0.6mg/dm2 oo ah chromium saddex-geesood ah. passivation-ka cagaaran, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan passivation-ka shan-acid, wuxuu heli karaa filim caws-cagaar qaro weyn leh, xalka passivation-ka wuxuu ka kooban yahay ions fosfooras, filimka cawska-cagaaran ee dhalaalaya ee ka dhasha waa filim difaac oo isku dhafan oo qaab-dhismeed ahaan isku dhafan oo ah chromates iyo fosfooras.
Si ay u ilaaliso daxalka, zinc-ka buluugga ah ayaa ka wanaagsan zinc-ka cad, halka zinc-ka cagaaran uu ka fiican yahay zinc-ka buluugga ah. Midabka zinc-ka buluugga ah waa buluug yar, zinc-ka cadna wuxuu u dhow yahay warshadaha si loo isticmaalo wax badan, kan dambe waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa naqshad badeecadeed marka habka kale ee boolalku uu shaqaynayo.
- Zinc-ga la dhalaaliyay (kiimikada):
Qaybta galvanizing ee habka zinc-ka midabka leh waxaa ku jira iska caabin daxalka oo wanaagsan, habka passivation-ka midabka leh waa: galvanizing - nadiifin - 2% - 3% nitric acid oo ka baxsan iftiinka - nadiifinta - passivation midab chromium ah oo hooseeya - nadiifinta - Dubitaanka gabowga. Heerkulka passivation-ku aad ayuu u hooseeyaa, filimku waa gaabis, filim khafiif ah oo khafiif ah. Heerkulka sare, filimku waa qaro weyn yahay oo dabacsan yahay, si adag looma xidhin. Waxaa ugu wanaagsan in la xakameeyo qiyaastii 25 digrii si loo hubiyo in isla midabku la helo muddo cayiman gudaheed.
Ka dib marka la nuugo, waa in la dubo oo la daadiyo si loo hagaajiyo isku-xidhka iyo iska caabbinta daxalka filimka. Biinanka ku dahaaran zinc-ka midabee adigoo taabanaya salka iska caabbinta buufinta milixda dhexdhexaadka ah in ka badan 48 saacadood gudahood, xakamayn wanaagsan ayaa la samayn karaa in ka badan 100 saacadood.
- Dacromet:
Waa soo gaabin iyo turjumaad DACROMET, tusaale ahaan dahaarka milixda ee ku salaysan zinc-ka ee jajaban, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan dahaarka zinc-aluminium. Habka aasaasiga ah waa: dufanka ka saarista - dufanka ka saarista - dahaarka - kululaynta hore - sintering - qaboojinta. Hawshu guud ahaan waxay yeelan doontaa 2-4 jeer laga bilaabo dahaarka ilaa habka qaboojinta, sababtoo ah boolal leh dahaarka hoos u dhaca sida si loo gaaro dhumuc gaar ah ayaa loo baahan yahay in la sameeyo marar badan.
Qaab-dhismeedku wuxuu ku yaal dusha sare ee birta, oo lagu dahaadhay lakab xal Dacromet ah (tusaale ahaan, oo ka kooban miisaanno zinc ah, aluminium [miisaanka guud ahaan cabbirka 0.1-0.2X10-15 microns] Cr03 iyo walxo gaar ah oo dabiici ah oo ah xal biyood oo isku dhafan oo aad u kala firdhisan), ilaa 300 ° C ama wax la mid ah ilaalinta kulaylka oo la dubayo muddo cayiman, dareeraha Dacromet ee ku jira chromium-ka hexavalent ayaa loo yareeyaa chromium saddex-jibbaaran, taasoo keenta isku-darka chromate-ka aan qaab-dhismeedka lahayn (nCr03) mCr203).
Iska caabbinta daxalka waa milix dhexdhexaad ah oo aad u wanaagsan ilaa 300 saacadood ama ka badan, khasaaraha dahaarka ma aha mid isku mid ah, booska khafiifka ah ee 5-10um, booska qaro weyn ee 40um ama wax la mid ah, waxay saameyn doontaa qoto dheer ee dhexroorka boolalka, sidaa darteed mashiinka taabashada boolalka iyo boolalka leh dhexroor yar oo boolal ah aad ayey u fiican tahay in aan loo isticmaalin habka Dacromet daaweynta dusha sare.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-18-2024
