Tsiku la Khirisimasi lisanafike, bungwe la European Commission linalengeza kuti layambitsa kafukufuku wotsutsana ndi kutaya zinyalala (2020/C 442/06) motsutsana ndi zomangira zina zachitsulo zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku People's Republic of China.
Zinthu zomwe zikufufuzidwa pakadali pano zagawidwa m'magulu a CN codes 7318 12 90, 7318 14 91, 7318 14 99, 7318 15 58, 7318 15 68, 7318 15 82, 7318 15 88, ex 7318 15 95 (TARIC codes 7 19 ndi 7318 15 15 95 89), ex 7318 21 00 (Taric Codes 7318 21 00 31, 7318210039,7318210095 ndi and7318210098) ndi ex 7318 22 00 (Taric Codes 7318 22 00 31, 7318 22 00 39, 7318 22, 7318 222.7318 222, 222, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318 222.7318 222, 222 7318 2 ...
Magazini ya Fastener + Fixing inaitana bungwe la European Fastener Distributors Association (EFDA), lomwe likuyimira otumiza ndi ogulitsa zomangira mafakitale ku Europe konse, ndi European Industrial Fastener Institute (EIFI), bungwe lodziwika bwino la malonda ku Europe la opanga makina ochapira, mtedza, mabolt, zomangira, ma rivets ndi zomangira zina zaukadaulo wamakina - Tumizani nkhani yosonyeza maganizo a mamembala ake pa kafukufukuyu.
EIFI inakana pempholi ndipo sinanenepo kanthu pa kafukufukuyu. Komabe, EFDA ikupereka nkhani zotsatirazi:
Pa Disembala 21, 2020, bungwe la European Commission linapereka "Chidziwitso chokhudza kukhazikitsa njira zoletsa kutaya zinyalala pa zinthu zina zomangira zitsulo zopangidwa ku People's Republic of China". Ndalama zoletsa kutaya zinyalala za 85 peresenti mu 2009 zingawoneke zachilendo kwambiri. Njirayi ikukumbukiridwa bwino ndi onse omwe adachita nawo: mu February 2016, bungwe la WTO linachotsa mwadzidzidzi mitengo ya zinyalala pambuyo poti China yapereka mlandu ndipo inagamula kuti njira za EU zaphwanya lamulo la WTO.
Malinga ndi maganizo a EFDA, nkhani yodziwika kwambiri mu madandaulo a European Fastener Industry (EIFI) ndi yakuti kuwonongeka kwakukulu komwe kwachitika kwa opanga ma fasteners a EU m'zaka zaposachedwa kwachitika chifukwa cha zomwe zikuchitika kunja kwa China. Kuyambira mu 2019, momwe maoda awo amagwirira ntchito anayamba kuchepa chifukwa cha kufunikira kochepa kwa ma fasteners ochokera kumakampani ofunikira makasitomala, makamaka makampani ofooka a magalimoto. Mphamvu yopanga yomwe yasonkhanitsidwa m'makampaniwa m'zaka zingapo zapitazi singagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo makampani ena amalephera kugwira ntchito, ndipo makampani ena akhoza kupitilizabe kugwira ntchito ndi phindu lokwanira.
Ndi nthawi yofufuza kuyambira pa 1 Julayi 2019 mpaka 30 Juni 2020 komanso nthawi yokhudzana ndi kuganizira za kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa mafakitale a EU kuyambira pa 1 Januware 2017 mpaka kumalizidwa kwa kafukufuku yemwe adzatsimikizidwe ndi Commission, Mliri wa Covid-19 Impact mumakampani a zomangira za EU udzawonjezera khalidwe latsopano pazinthu zoyipa poweruza momwe zinthu zilili pazachuma za opanga a EU.
EFDA ikuda nkhawa kwambiri kuti njira zopewera kutaya katundu zitha kusokoneza maunyolo ogulitsa katundu ku Europe panthawi yofunika kwambiri pomwe makampaniwa akuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuchira ku vuto la Covid-19 kuti ateteze ntchito ndikukhalabe opikisana padziko lonse lapansi. Mliri wa coronavirus wakhudza maunyolo ogulitsa katundu ku Europe, makamaka m'masabata aposachedwa chifukwa kusowa kwa makontena otumizira katundu padziko lonse lapansi kwachititsa kuti zinthu zichedwe kwambiri kubweretsa zinthu kumisika ya ku Europe. Ngakhale kungolengeza kafukufuku wopewera kutaya katundu kungayambitse vuto lalikulu pa unyolo wogulitsa katundu. Ogulitsa katundu kunja ayenera tsopano kuganizira ngati angathe kuitanitsa katundu asanaperekedwe misonkho, kuwagulanso pamsika wogulitsa katundu womwe uli kale wovuta, ndikufotokozera ogula kuti, kuwonjezera pa kukwera mtengo kwakukulu kwa mitengo ya katundu ndi zopangira, adzakumana ndi kukwera kwina.
Pogwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakati pa unyolo wopereka zinthu, ogulitsa zomangira ku Ulaya amalumikiza makampani ndi zomangamanga ku Europe komwe si makampani ang'onoang'ono. Makamaka ogulitsa ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, omwe amapereka zomangira ndi zomangira zosiyanasiyana zoposa 130,000, okhala ndi masheya opitilira ma euro 2 biliyoni, olemba anthu ntchito oposa 44,000, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zonse pachaka zikhale zoposa ma euro 10 biliyoni.
Komabe, ziwerengerozi zikuchulukirachulukira kwambiri pankhani ya ogwiritsa ntchito zomangira zochokera kunja. Makampani ofunikira aku Europe monga magalimoto, zomangamanga, mipando, makina opepuka ndi olemera, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, DIY ndi ntchito zamanja zimadalira kwathunthu maunyolo apadziko lonse lapansi operekera zomangira omwe amayang'aniridwa ndikugwirizanitsidwa ndi ogulitsa kunja, ogulitsa ambiri ndi ogulitsa. Ngati Commission isankha kuyika misonkho yoletsa kutaya katundu, mafakitale awa ndi ena ambiri adzavutika ndi mitengo yokwera ya zomangira, chifukwa amalonda aku Europe adzayenera kupereka ndalama zambiri za zomangira zochokera kunja kwa makampani awo.
Kukwera kwa mitengo ya zomangira sikokhako komwe kumakhudza misonkho yoletsa kutaya zinthu kuchokera ku China pa mpikisano wapadziko lonse komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makampani a EU. Mitengo idzaika pachiwopsezo zinthu zochokera ku EU chifukwa zomangira zambiri zimachokera ku China ndipo mayiko ena alibe mphamvu zochitira zimenezo. Kwa magulu ena azinthu zomwe sizikupezeka kwina kulikonse ku Asia kapena ku Europe, China idzakhalabe gwero lokhalo la zinthu. Misonkho yoletsa kutaya zinthu idzakhala ndi zotsatira zachindunji pakukweza mitengo. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu zopangira zinthu m'maiko aku Asia, ndizotheka kusamukira kumayiko ena aku Asia pamitengo yokwera. M'maiko ngati Taiwan ndi Vietnam, zimakhala zochepa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kufunikira ku US, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mfundo zamalonda zoteteza za boma la Trump. Poyankha misonkho yoteteza ku US pa zomangira zaku China, makampani aku US ayenera kugula zinthu kuchokera kumayiko ena aku Asia.
Pomaliza, ogulitsa zomangira ku Ulaya saona chifukwa choyembekezera opanga aku Europe kuti alowe m'malo mwa msika waku China womwe ukutha ndi zinthu zapakhomo, chifukwa zida zokhazikika sizipangidwa ku Europe. Zinthu zomwe zili m'ma code a CN zomwe zili mkati mwake zikuphatikizapo zida zokhazikika ndi zida zapadera. Kwa nthawi yayitali, kupanga zomangira ku Europe kwakhala kukuyang'ana kwambiri pazinthu zopangidwa ndi mtengo wapamwamba, zopangidwa mwamakonda osati zomangira zokhazikika, ndipo kwakhala kukuyang'ana kwambiri pamakampani akuluakulu, okhala ndi malo ochepa ogula kapena malo ochepa opangira zinthu mwachangu. Zomangira zokhazikika zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku Asia kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu sizipangidwa ku Europe konse. Izi sizisintha pakapita nthawi chifukwa njira zodzitetezera zamalonda sizingangobweza nthawi. Mbiri yatsimikizira kuti misonkho yoletsa kutaya zinthu pa zinthu zomangira zomwe zimatumizidwa sizikhudza maziko opanga a EU. Izi zinaonekera bwino pamene, mu 2009, misonkho yoletsa kutaya zinthu inayikidwa pa zinthu zomangira zochokera ku China zomwe zinali ndi mitengo yokwera kwambiri ya 85%, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zinthu zomangira zithe kutumizidwa kuchokera kudzikolo. Komabe, m'malo moika ndalama pakupanga zinthu zotsika mtengo, opanga aku Europe ayang'ana kwambiri ndikupanga ndalama pakupanga zinthu zowonjezera mtengo kwambiri. Pamene katundu wochokera ku China anatsekedwa, kufunikira kunasamukira ku magwero ena ofunikira aku Asia. Palibe kampani iliyonse - kaya ndi wopanga, wotumiza kunja kapena kasitomala - yomwe inapindula ndi misonkho ya 2009-2016, koma ambiri adakumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri.
Ogulitsa zomangira ku Europe konse atsimikiza mtima kupewa zolakwa zomwezo zomwe bungwe la European Commission lidachitapo kale pankhani yotumiza zomangira. EFDA ikuyembekeza kuti bungweli liganizire bwino magulu onse - opanga, otumiza ndi ogula. Ngati ndi choncho, ndiye kuti tidzapeza zotsatira zabwino panthawiyi. EFDA ndi anzawo adziyikira miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri.
Will adalowa nawo mu Fastener + Fixing Magazine mu 2007 ndipo pazaka 15 zapitazi wakhala akukumana ndi mbali zonse za makampani opanga zinthu zomangira - kufunsa mafunso akuluakulu amakampani ndikuyendera makampani otsogola komanso ziwonetsero zamalonda padziko lonse lapansi.
Will amayang'anira njira zopezera nkhani m'mapulatifomu onse ndipo ndi wolimbikitsa miyezo yapamwamba yodziwika bwino ya magaziniyi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-09-2022
