Nakoana pele ho Keresemese, Khomishene ea Europe e phatlalalitse ho qalisoa ha lipatlisiso tse khahlanong le ho lahla lithōle (2020/C 442/06) khahlanong le li-fasteners tse itseng tsa tšepe tse tsoang Rephaboliking ea Batho ba Chaena.
Lihlahisoa tse ntseng li fuputsoa hajoale li arotsoe ka likhoutu tsa CN 7318 12 90, 7318 14 91, 7318 14 99, 7318 15 58, 7318 15 68, 7318 15 82, 7318 15 88, ex 7318 15 95 (likhoutu tsa TARIC 7 19 le 7318 15 15 95 89), ex 7318 21 00 (Likhoutu tsa Taric 7318 21 00 31, 7318210039,7318210095le le 7318210098) le ex 7318 22 00 (Likhoutu tsa Taric 7318 22 00 31, 7318 22 00 39, 7318 22, 7318 222.7318 222, 222, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318 222.7318 222, 222 7318 2 ...
Makasine oa Fastener + Fixing o memile Mokhatlo oa Baabi ba Li-Fastener oa Europe (EFDA), o emelang ba kenyang thepa le bafepedi ba li-fastener tsa indasteri ho pholletsa le Europe, le Setsi sa Li-Fastener tsa Khoebo sa Europe (EIFI), mokhatlo oa khoebo o tsebahalang oa Europe bakeng sa bahlahisi ba li-washer, linate, li-bolt, li-screw, li-rivets le li-fastener tse ling bakeng sa boenjiniere ba mechini - Romela sengoloa se bonts'ang maikutlo a litho tsa sona phuputsong.
EIFI e hanne tlhahiso eo mme ha ea ka ea fana ka maikutlo a eona mabapi le lipatlisiso. Leha ho le joalo, EFDA e fana ka lingoloa tse latelang:
Ka la 21 Tšitoe 2020, Khomishene ea Europe e ntšitse "Tsebiso mabapi le ho kenngoa ha mekhoa ea ho thibela ho lahla lithōle ho thepa e kenang ka ntle ho naha ea li-fasteners tse itseng tsa tšepe tse entsoeng Rephaboliking ea Batho ba Chaena". Lekhetho la 85% la ho thibela ho lahla lithōle ka 2009 le ne le tla bonahala le tloaelehile haholo. Ts'ebetso ena e hopoloa hantle ke barupeluoa bohle: ka Hlakola 2016, WTO e ile ea tlosa litefiso ka tšohanyetso ka mor'a hore Chaena e qose nyeoe 'me ea etsa qeto ea hore mehato ea EU e tlōtse molao oa WTO.
Ho ya ka pono ya EFDA, taba e hlahelletseng ka ho fetisisa tletlebong ya Indasteri ya Dikotwana tsa Europe (EIFI) ke hore tshenyo e kgolo e entsweng ho bahlahisi ba dikotwana tsa EU dilemong tsa morao tjena e bakilwe ke diphetoho tse kantle ho China. Ho tloha ka 2019 morao tjena, boemo ba diotara tsa bona bo ile ba qala ho senyeha ka lebaka la tlhokeho e tlase ya dikotwana tse tswang diindastering tsa bohlokwa tsa bareki, haholoholo indasteri e fokolang ya dikoloi. Bokgoni ba tlhahiso bo bokelletsweng indastering dilemong tse mmalwa tse fetileng bo ke ke ba sebediswa, mme dikhamphani tse ding di bile di a putlama, mme dikhamphani tse ding di ntse di ka tswela pele ho sebetsa ka phaello e lekaneng.
Ka nako ea lipatlisiso ho tloha ka la 1 Phupu 2019 ho isa ho la 30 Phuptjane 2020 le nako e amanang le ho nahana ka tšenyo efe kapa efe indastering ea EU ho tloha ka la 1 Pherekhong 2017 ho fihlela ho phethoa ha lipatlisiso tse tla fumanoa ke Khomishene, Seoa sa Tšusumetso ea Covid-19 indastering ea li-fasteners tsa EU se tla eketsa boleng bo bocha ka ho feletseng linthong tse kotsi tse ahlolang boemo ba hona joale ba moruo ba bahlahisi ba EU.
EFDA e tšoenyehile haholo ka hore mehato ea ho thibela ho lahla thepa e ka sitisa liketane tsa phepelo tsa Europe nakong e mahlonoko eo indasteri e hlokang ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho hlaphoheloa koluoeng ea Covid-19 ho sireletsa mesebetsi le ho lula e le tlholisano lefatšeng ka bophara. Seoa sa coronavirus se amme liketane tsa phepelo tsa Europe, haholo-holo libekeng tsa morao tjena kaha khaello ea lefats'e ea lik'hontheinara tsa likepe e bakile tieho e kholo ho tliseng lihlahisoa limmarakeng tsa Europe. Esita le phatlalatso feela ea lipatlisiso tsa ho thibela ho lahla thepa e ka ba le tšusumetso e mpe hang-hang ketane ea phepelo. Barekisi ba thepa ba tlameha ho nahana hore na ba ka kenya thepa pele ho litefiso, ba e reke hape 'marakeng oa phepelo o seng o ntse o le thata, 'me ba hlalosetse bareki hore, ntle le khatello e kholo ea theko ea thepa le litšenyehelo tsa thepa e tala, ba tla tobana le keketseho e eketsehileng.
Ba bapala karolo ea bohlokoa bohareng ba ketane ea phepelo, bafani ba li-fasteners ba Europe ba hlile ba hokahanya indasteri le kaho Europe eo ho hang e seng indasteri e nyane. Haholo-holo bafani ba li-fasteners tse nyane le tse mahareng, ba fana ka li-fasteners le li-fasteners tse fapaneng tse fetang 130,000, ba na le li-stock tsa li-euro tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 2, ba hirile basebetsi ba fetang 44,000, kakaretso ea selemo le selemo ea li-euro tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 10.
Leha ho le jwalo, dipalo tsena di atile le ho feta ha ho tluwa ho basebedisi ba difasteners tse tswang kantle ho naha. Diindasteri tsa bohlokwa tsa Yuropa tse kang tsa dikoloi, tsa kaho, tsa thepa ya ka tlung, tsa mechine e bobebe le e boima, matla a ntjhafatswang, tsa ho iketsetsa dintho le tsa mesebetsi ya matsoho di itshetlehile ka botlalo hodima diketane tsa phepelo ya difasteners tsa lefatshe tse laolwang le ho hokahanngwa ke barekisi ba kantle ho naha, barekisi ba bangata le baabi. Haeba Khomishene e etsa qeto ya ho qobella makgetho a kgahlanong le ho lahla thepa, diindasteri tsena le tse ding tse ngata di tla ba le mathata a hodimo a difasteners, kaha barekisi ba difasteners ba Yuropa ba tla tlameha ho fetisetsa ditjeo tse hodimo tsa difasteners tse tswang kantle ho naha ho bareki ba bona.
Ho nyoloha ha litheko tsa li-fasteners ha se tsona feela tse bakang tšusumetso e mpe ea litefiso tsa ho thibela ho lahla thepa tse tsoang Chaena tse tsoang kantle ho naha tlholisanong ea lefats'e le katlehong ea indasteri ea EU. Litefiso li tla beha thepa e tsoang EU kotsing kaha boholo ba li-fasteners li tsoa Chaena 'me linaha tse ling ha li na bokhoni ba ho etsa joalo. Bakeng sa lihlopha tse itseng tsa lihlahisoa tse sa fumaneheng libakeng tse ling Asia kapa Europe, Chaena e tla lula e le eona feela mohloli oa phepelo. Litefiso tsa ho thibela ho lahla thepa li tla ba le phello e tobileng ea ho phahamisa litheko. Ka lebaka la bokhoni bo fokolang ba tlhahiso linaheng tsa Asia, ho ka etsahala feela ho fallela linaheng tse ling tsa Asia ka litheko tse phahameng. Linaheng tse kang Taiwan le Vietnam, li lekanyelitsoe leha ho le joalo ka lebaka la tlhoko e eketsehileng US, e leng phello e tobileng ea maano a khoebo a tšireletso a hlōlehileng a tsamaiso ea Trump. Ha a arabela litefiso tsa tšireletso tsa US ho li-fasteners tsa Chaena, lik'hamphani tsa US li tlameha ho reka lintho linaheng tse ling tsa Asia.
Qetellong, barekisi ba li-fasteners tsa Europe ha ba bone lebaka la ho lebella hore bahlahisi ba Europe ba nke sebaka sa 'maraka oa Chaena o ntseng o nyamela ka lihlahisoa tsa lehae, kaha likarolo tse tloaelehileng ha li etsoe Europe. Lihlahisoa tse koahetsoeng ke likhoutu tsa CN tse koahetsoeng li kenyelletsa likarolo tse tloaelehileng le likarolo tse khethehileng. Ka nako e telele, tlhahiso ea li-fasteners tsa Europe e 'nile ea shebana haholo-holo le lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka boleng bo phahameng, tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o ikhethileng ho fapana le li-fasteners tse tloaelehileng, 'me e' nile ea shebana le liindasteri tse itseng tse kholo, tse nang le mefuta e fokolang ea bareki kapa boholo bo tlase, lihlahisoa tse potlakileng tse arabelang. Li-fasteners tse tloaelehileng tse tsoang Asia bakeng sa indasteri le tšebeliso ea sechaba ha li hlahisoe Europe ho hang. Sena se ke ke sa fetoha ha nako e ntse e ea kaha mehato ea tšireletso ea khoebo e ke ke ea "khutlisa nako" feela. Histori e pakile hore lekhetho la ho thibela ho lahla thepa ho tsoa linaheng tse ling tsa li-fasteners ha le ame motheo oa tlhahiso ea EU. Sena se ile sa totobala ha, ka 2009, ho ne ho etsoa lekhetho la ho thibela ho lahla thepa ho tsoa Chaena ka litefiso tse phahameng ka ho sa utloahaleng tsa 85%, e leng se ileng sa lebisa ho emisoa ka ho feletseng ha thepa e tsoang naheng eo. Leha ho le jwalo, ho ena le ho tsetela tlhahisong ya dihlahiswa tse nang le boleng bo tlase, bahlahisi ba Yuropa ba tsepamisitse maikutlo mme ba tsetela tlhahisong ya dikarolo tse nang le boleng bo hodimo. Ha thepa e tswang China e ne e thibelwa, tlhokeho e ile ya fetohela mehloding e meng ya bohlokwa ya Asia. Ha ho khamphani e kileng ya rua molemo ho ditefiso tsa 2009-2016, empa tse ngata di ile tsa ba le ditlamorao tse mpe haholo.
Baabi ba li-fastener ho pholletsa le Europe ba ikemiselitse ho thibela liphoso tse tšoanang le tseo Khomishene ea Europe e li entseng nakong e fetileng ka li-fastener tse tsoang kantle ho naha. EFDA e lebeletse hore Khomishene e nahanele mahlakore ohle - bahlahisi, ba romellang thepa kantle ho naha le bareki. Haeba ho joalo, re tla fumana sephetho se setle ts'ebetsong. EFDA le balekane ba eona ba ipehetse maemo a holimo haholo.
Will o kene ho Fastener + Fixing Magazine ka 2007 mme dilemong tse 15 tse fetileng o bile le monyetla wa ho bona karolo e nngwe le e nngwe ya indasteri ya di-fastener - a buisana le batho ba bohlokwa ba indasteri le ho etela dikhamphani tse etellang pele le dipontsho tsa kgwebo lefatsheng ka bophara.
Will o laola leano la dikahare ho pholletsa le di-platform tsohle mme ke moemedi wa maemo a phahameng a tsebahalang a bohlophisi ba makasine.
Nako ea poso: Tshitwe-09-2022
