Ngaphambi nje kweKrisimesi, iKhomishini yaseYurophu yabhengeza ukuqaliswa kophando oluchasene nokulahla inkunkuma (2020/C 442/06) ngokuchasene nezinye izibophelelo zentsimbi ezingeniswe kwiRiphabliki yabantu baseTshayina.
Iimveliso eziphandwayo okwangoku zihlelwe njengeekhowudi ze-CN 7318 12 90, 7318 14 91, 7318 14 99, 7318 15 58, 7318 15 68, 7318 15 82, 7318 15 88, ex 7318 15 95 (iikhowudi ze-TARIC 7 19 kunye ne-7318 15 15 95 89), ex 7318 21 00 (iikhowudi zeTaric 7318 21 00 31, 7318210039,7318210095 kunye ne-7318210098) kunye ne-ex 7318 22 00 (iikhowudi zeTaric 7318 22 00 31, 7318 22 00 39, 7318 22, 7318 222.7318 222, 222, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318, 7318 222.7318 222, 222 7318 2 ...
I-Fastener + Fixing Magazine imeme i-European Fastener Distributors Association (EFDA), emele abathumeli kunye nababoneleli bee-fasteners zemizi-mveliso kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kunye ne-European Industrial Fastener Institute (EIFI), umbutho worhwebo waseYurophu owaziwayo wabavelisi bee-washers, amantongomane, ii-bolts, izikrufu, ii-rivets kunye nezinye ii-fasteners zobunjineli boomatshini - Ngenisa inqaku elibonisa izimvo zamalungu alo kuphando.
I-EIFI yalile esi sibonelelo kwaye ayizange ithethe nto ngophando. Nangona kunjalo, i-EFDA inika la manqaku alandelayo:
Ngomhla wama-21 kuDisemba, ngo-2020, iKhomishini yaseYurophu ikhuphe “Isaziso malunga nokubekwa kweenkqubo zokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kwiimpahla ezithengiswa kwamanye amazwe zentsimbi ethile ezenziwe kwiRiphabliki yabantu baseTshayina”. Umrhumo wokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma we-85 ekhulwini ngo-2009 ubuya kubonakala uqhelekile. Le nkqubo ikhunjulwa kakuhle ngabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba: ngoFebruwari 2016, i-WTO yasusa ngequbuliso iirhafu emva kokuba iTshayina ifake ityala yaza yagweba ukuba amanyathelo e-EU aphule umthetho we-WTO.
Ngokwembono ye-EFDA, eyona ngxaki iphambili kwisikhalazo se-European Fastener Industry (EIFI) kukuba uninzi lomonakalo owenziwe kubavelisi be-EU fastener kwiminyaka yakutshanje ubangelwe zizinto eziphuhliswe ngaphandle kweTshayina. Ukususela ngo-2019 kutshanje, imeko yabo ye-odolo yaqala ukuba mandundu ngenxa yemfuno ephantsi ye-fasteners ezivela kumashishini abalulekileyo abathengi, ingakumbi imboni yeemoto ebuthathaka. Amandla emveliso aqokelelweyo kushishino kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo awakwazi ukusetyenziswa, kwaye ezinye iinkampani zide ziphelelwe lixabiso, kwaye ezinye iinkampani zisenokuqhubeka nokusebenza ngenzuzo eyaneleyo.
Njengoko ixesha lophando liqala nge-1 kaJulayi 2019 ukuya kwi-30 kaJuni 2020 kunye nexesha elinxulumene nokuqwalaselwa kwayo nayiphi na ingozi kwishishini le-EU ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2017 ukuya kutsho kugqitywe uphando oluza kumiselwa yiKhomishini, ubhubhane we-Covid-19 Impact Pandemic kwishishini le-EU fasteners uza kongeza umgangatho omtsha kwizinto ezinobungozi ezigweba imeko yangoku yezoqoqosho yabavelisi be-EU.
I-EFDA ixhalabile kakhulu kukuba amanyathelo okulwa nokulahla impahla angaphazamisa uthotho lwempahla lwaseYurophu ngexesha elibalulekileyo apho ishishini kufuneka ligxile ekubuyeleni kwimeko yentlekele ye-Covid-19 ukuze kukhuselwe imisebenzi kwaye kuhlale kukhuphisana kwihlabathi liphela. Ubhubhane we-coronavirus uchaphazele uthotho lwempahla lwaseYurophu, ingakumbi kwiiveki zakutshanje njengoko ukunqongophala kwezixhobo zokuthumela impahla kwihlabathi liphela kubangele ukulibaziseka okukhulu ekuziseni iimveliso kwiimarike zaseYurophu. Kwanokubhengezwa nje kophando lokulwa nokulahla impahla kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwangoko kuthotho lwempahla. Abangenisi ngoku kufuneka bacinge ukuba bangazingenisa na iimpahla ngaphambi kweerhafu, bazithenge kwakhona kwimarike yokubonelela esele ixinene, kwaye bachazele abathengi ukuba, ukongeza kuxinzelelo olukhulu lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kwiindleko zempahla kunye nezinto eziluhlaza, baya kujongana nokunyuka okungakumbi.
Bedlala indima ebalulekileyo embindini wekhonkco lokubonelela, abasasazi bezinto zokuncamathelisa baseYurophu badibanisa ngokwenene ishishini kunye nolwakhiwo eYurophu engengoshishino lutsha. Ngokuyintloko ngabasasazi abancinci nabaphakathi, ababonelela ngezinto zokuncamathelisa ezahlukeneyo ezingaphezu kwe-130,000, abanesitokhwe esingaphezulu kwe-2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, abaqesha abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-44,000, ixabiso lilonke lonyaka elingaphezulu kwe-10 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
Nangona kunjalo, la manani aphindaphindeka ngakumbi xa kufikwa kubasebenzisi bezixhobo zokubopha ezingeniswe kwamanye amazwe. Amashishini abalulekileyo aseYurophu afana neemoto, ezokwakha, ifenitshala, oomatshini abalula nabanzima, amandla ahlaziyekayo, i-DIY kunye nemisebenzi yezandla ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiindlela zokubonelela ngezixhobo zokubopha zehlabathi ezilawulwa kwaye zilungelelaniswe ngabathumeli, abathengisi abathengisa ngobuninzi kunye nabasasazi. Ukuba iKhomishini igqiba ekubeni ibeke irhafu yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma, la mashishini kunye namanye amaninzi aya kubandezeleka ngamaxabiso aphezulu ezixhobo zokubopha, njengoko abathengisi bezixhobo zokubopha baseYurophu kuya kufuneka badlulisele iindleko eziphezulu zezixhobo zokubopha ezingenisiweyo kubathengi babo.
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto zokubopha akukuphela kwempembelelo embi yerhafu yokuchasa ukulahla izinto ezithengiswayo ezivela eTshayina kukhuphiswano lwehlabathi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweshishini le-EU. Iirhafu ziya kubeka emngciphekweni izinto ezithunyelwa kwi-EU njengoko uninzi lwezi zinto zokubopha zivela eTshayina kwaye amanye amazwe awanawo amandla okwenza njalo. Kumaqela athile emveliso angafumanekiyo kwenye indawo e-Asia okanye eYurophu, iTshayina iya kuhlala ingumthombo wokuphela kobonelelo. Iirhafu zokuchasa ukulahla izinto ziya kuba nefuthe elithe ngqo lokunyusa amaxabiso. Ngenxa yomthamo omncinci wemveliso kumazwe ase-Asia, kunokwenzeka kuphela ukufudukela kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia ngamaxabiso aphezulu. Kumazwe afana neTaiwan neVietnam, zilinganiselwe nangona kunjalo ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno e-US, umphumo othe ngqo wemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo yokhuselo kaTrump. Ukuphendula kwiirhafu zokhuseleko zase-US kwizibophelelo zaseTshayina, iinkampani zase-US kufuneka zithenge kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia.
Okokugqibela, abasasazi bee-fastener baseYurophu ababoni sizathu sokulindela ukuba abavelisi baseYurophu bathathe indawo yemarike yaseTshayina enyamalalayo ngeemveliso zasekhaya, njengoko iinxalenye ezisemgangathweni zingenziwa eYurophu. Iimveliso ezigutyungelwe ziikhowudi ze-CN ezigutyungelweyo ziquka iinxalenye ezisemgangathweni kunye neenxalenye ezikhethekileyo. Kangangexesha elide, ukuveliswa kwee-fastener zaseYurophu kugxile kakhulu kwiimveliso ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ezixabiso liphezulu kunee-fastener ezisemgangathweni, kwaye kugxilwe kumashishini athile amakhulu, amashishini abathengi ahlukeneyo okanye kwiindawo zemveliso ezikhawulezayo nezikhawulezayo. Ii-fastener ezisemgangathweni ezingeniswe e-Asia ukuze zisetyenziswe kushishino nakuluntu aziveliswa eYurophu konke konke. Oku akuyi kutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha njengoko amanyathelo okukhusela urhwebo engenako nje "ukubuyisela ixesha". Imbali ibonakalise ukuba irhafu yokulwa nokulahla impahla kwiimpahla ezifakiweyo azichaphazeli isiseko semveliso se-EU. Oku kwabonakala xa, ngo-2009, irhafu yokulwa nokulahla impahla yafakwa kwiimpahla ezifakweyo ezivela eTshayina ezinezinga eliphezulu kakhulu leerhafu ezingama-85%, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekuphelisweni ngokupheleleyo kokungeniswa kwee-fastener ezivela kweli lizwe. Nangona kunjalo, endaweni yokutyala imali kwimveliso yeemveliso ezisemgangathweni ophantsi, abavelisi baseYurophu bagxile kwaye batyale imali kwimveliso yezinto ezinexabiso eliphezulu. Njengoko ukungeniswa kwezinto ezivela eTshayina kwavalwa, imfuno yatshintshela kwezinye iindawo eziphambili zaseAsia. Akukho nkampani ithile – nokuba ngumvelisi, umthengisi okanye umthengi – ezuze kwiirhafu zika-2009-2016, kodwa uninzi luye lwafumana imiphumo emibi kakhulu.
Abasasazi be-fastener kulo lonke elaseYurophu bazimisele ukuthintela iimpazamo ezifanayo nezenziwe yiKhomishini yaseYurophu kwixesha elidlulileyo ngokufaka i-fasteners kwamanye amazwe. I-EFDA ilindele ukuba iKhomishini inike ingqalelo efanelekileyo kuwo onke amaqela - abavelisi, abangenisi kunye nabathengi. Ukuba kunjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo siya kufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo kule nkqubo. I-EFDA kunye namaqabane ayo bazibekele imigangatho ephezulu kakhulu.
UWill ujoyine iFastener + Fixing Magazine ngo-2007 kwaye kwiminyaka eli-15 edlulileyo uye wabonakala kuzo zonke iinkalo zoshishino lwe-fastener - edlan’ indlebe nabantu ababalulekileyo kushishino kunye nokutyelela iinkampani eziphambili kunye nemiboniso yorhwebo kwihlabathi liphela.
UWill ulawula icebo lomxholo kuzo zonke iiplatifomu kwaye ungummeli wemigangatho ephezulu yokuhlela edumileyo yemagazini.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-09-2022
