Ungalithandi kanjani ihlobo? Impela, kuyashisa, kodwa ngokuqinisekile kuyanqoba amakhaza futhi udinga isikhathi esiningi. Kwa-Engine Builder, ithimba lethu belimatasa livakashela imicimbi yomjaho, imibukiso, livakashela abakhiqizi bezinjini nezitolo, kanye nomsebenzi wethu ojwayelekile wokuqukethwe.
Uma kungekho phini lokuthola indawo esivalweni sesikhathi noma esivalweni sesikhathi, noma lapho imbobo yephini lokuthola indawo ingangeni kahle ephinini. Thatha i-damper endala bese uyihlikihla phakathi nendawo ukuze manje ikwazi ukushelela phezu kwekhala le-crank. Yisebenzise ukuqinisa isivalo ngokuqinisa amabhawodi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumakhi wezinjini ochwepheshe, umakhenikha noma umenzi, noma umthandi wezimoto othanda izinjini, izimoto zomjaho nezimoto ezisheshayo, i-Engine Builder inokuthile okukulungele. Omagazini bethu abaphrintiwe banikeza imininingwane yobuchwepheshe kukho konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nemboni yezinjini kanye nezimakethe zayo ezahlukahlukene, kuyilapho izinketho zethu zezindaba zikugcina usesikhathini ngezindaba zakamuva nemikhiqizo, ulwazi lobuchwepheshe kanye nabantu abangaphakathi embonini. Kodwa-ke, ungakuthola konke lokhu ngokubhalisa kuphela. Bhalisa manje ukuze uthole izinhlelo eziphrintiwe njalo ngenyanga kanye/noma ze-elekthronikhi ze-Engine Builders Magazine, kanye ne-Weekly Engine Builders Newsletter yethu, i-Weekly Engine Newsletter noma i-Weekly Diesel Newsletter, ngqo ebhokisini lakho lokungenayo. Uzombozwa ngamahhashi ngokushesha!
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumakhi wezinjini ochwepheshe, umakhenikha noma umenzi, noma umthandi wezimoto othanda izinjini, izimoto zomjaho nezimoto ezisheshayo, i-Engine Builder inokuthile okukulungele. Omagazini bethu abaphrintiwe banikeza imininingwane yobuchwepheshe kukho konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nemboni yezinjini kanye nezimakethe zayo ezahlukahlukene, kuyilapho izinketho zethu zezindaba zikugcina usesikhathini ngezindaba zakamuva nemikhiqizo, ulwazi lobuchwepheshe kanye nabantu abangaphakathi embonini. Kodwa-ke, ungakuthola konke lokhu ngokubhalisa kuphela. Bhalisa manje ukuze uthole izinhlelo eziphrintiwe njalo ngenyanga kanye/noma ze-elekthronikhi ze-Engine Builders Magazine, kanye ne-Weekly Engine Builders Newsletter yethu, i-Weekly Engine Newsletter noma i-Weekly Diesel Newsletter, ngqo ebhokisini lakho lokungenayo. Uzombozwa ngamahhashi ngokushesha!
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi uma ingcindezi yokushisa iphezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ikhanda lesilinda lihlale kahle ebusweni bebhulokhi yesilinda. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha uhlobo lwezingubo zekhanda ozethembayo ukuthi zizoqeda umsebenzi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uneloli lomsebenzi elisebenza usuku lonke, iloli elakhelwe umsebenzi ohlukahlukene, noma into ephakathi nendawo, akungabazeki ukuthi wonke amaloli azozuza esethi entsha yama-bolts ekhanda lesilinda.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuthenga izikhonkwane zenjini ezifana nezikhonkwane, sekuyisikhathi eside ziphezulu ohlwini - i-ARP. I-ARP ibilokhu ikhona iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 futhi, ngokumangalisayo, iyaqhubeka nokulwela ukukhiqiza izikhonkwane zokusebenza okuphezulu kwezicelo ezidinga kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuncintisana kule ndawo kuye kwanda muva nje futhi enye yezinkampani ezincintisana ngesabelo semakethe yi-Gator Fasteners, uhlobo lwe-KT Performance oluvela eGroveland, eFlorida.
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi uma kunezingcindezi eziphezulu zokushisa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ikhanda lesilinda lihlale kahle ebusweni bebhulokhi yesilinda. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha uhlobo lwezingubo zekhanda ozethembayo ukuthi luzoqeda umsebenzi. Muva nje sikhulume ne-ARP mayelana nemikhiqizo yabo ye-head stud futhi sakhuluma ne-Zeigler Diesel Performance eCanton, e-Ohio mayelana nezinamathiselo ze-Gator ukuze sithole okusha mayelana nezinhlobo nobuchwepheshe be-stud yenkampani ngayinye, kanye nokunye ukufana kanye nomehluko ohlobene nazo kubantu abasebenzisa udizili.
Ngokuvamile, i-fastener yasefektri namuhla iyi-fastener enamandla okukhiqiza isivuno esilahlwayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi uzophakamisa ikhanda lesilinda ebhulokini bese ulimala i-gasket yekhanda lesilinda. Ama-bolts e-Aftermarket avela ku-ARP noma ku-Gator Fasteners awanwebeki njengama-bolts asefektri ngoba awanamandla okukhiqiza i-torque.
“Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kahle kukadizili, sivame ukwenza kahle kakhulu kunemishini yasefektri ngamaphesenti angama-20,” kusho uChris Raschke we-ARP. “Yilokho okwakugxilwe kukho kanye nomgomo. Sasifuna nento engasetshenziswa kabusha. Iningi labantu esikhulume nabo lasebenzisa izipikili ze-ARP2000 kanye nezipikili ezingama-625.”
I-ARP inikeza ama-head bolt kit ezinjini ezahlukahlukene zegesi kanye nedizili, kanti izikhonkwane zeGator nazo zifanelana namapulatifomu amakhulu ezinjini zedizili. Kodwa-ke, iGator ayibonakali isesimweni segesi emakethe, kodwa iza nenketho ye-LS head bolt.
Ezinjinini zedizili, amabhawodi e-Gator aklanyelwe izinjini ze-Duramax zika-2001 kuze kube yinjini ye-L5P ebuyekeziwe ka-2020. Izinjini ze-Powerstroke kanye ne-Cummins zisukela ku-Rams ngo-1989 kuya ku-Powerstroke ngo-1994 kuze kube kulo nyaka.
“Izikhonkwane ze-Gator zibukeka zinhle kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho engikubonile,” kusho uJustin Zeigler we-Zeigler Diesel Performance. “Ngibone ezinye izikhonkwane ezingabazekayo ezivela kwabanye abakhiqizi. I-ARP ibilokhu izisebenzisa isikhathi eside kunanoma ubani omunye. Kodwa-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi izikhonkwane ze-Gator ngokuqinisekile ziyisinqumo esihle futhi ziyisinqumo esihle. Ngithanda ikhwalithi, intengo kanye nokutholakala. 'saw.'
Njengoba zinamandla okudonseka angaphezu kuka-220,000 psi, izinamathiseli ze-Gator ngeke zinwebeke njengamabhawodi asefektri. Zenziwe ngezintambo ezigoqiwe ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa ukuze ziqine kakhulu ekukhathaleni. Ziyinsika engenasisekelo yokugxila futhi ikhithi ngayinye ifaka insimbi ye-chrome ephathwa ngokushisa, amantongomane aqoshiwe angu-12 kanye nama-washer ane-black oxide coating ukuze ziqine.
Nakuba i-Gator njengomkhiqizo omusha inganikeza ngokwemvelo umkhiqizo wekhwalithi ephezulu, isenayo enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu nezinkulu ze-ARP - ulwazi.
“Sisebenzisa i-torque tensioner ukuhlola izibambo zefektri kanye nendlela yokufakwa kwefektri ukuhlola imithwalo yokubopha oyitholayo kuzibambo zefektri,” kuchaza uRaschke. “Yilokho esakwakha kusukela lapho. Siphinde sibe ne-thermal test fixture, okuyi-furnace enegumbi lokuhlola ngaphakathi, futhi empeleni ungafudumeza yonke into kuze kufike ekushiseni kokusebenza kwenjini ukuze ubone ukuthi ithinta kanjani izibambo ekushiseni kokusebenza. Uma sakha ama-fastener kit anoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza, kumelwe sicabangele lezi zici. Sinamathuluzi amaningi ebhokisini lethu lamathuluzi okwenza lokho esikudingayo.”
Esikhathini esidlule, izibambo zokubopha bezisebenzisa izinto ezingu-8740 ku-180,000-200,000 psi, obekulokhu kwanele ukufaka esikhundleni semishini yasefektri. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezifana ne-ARP zinikeza amakhasimende ukukhetha kwe-ARP2000, Inconel noma i-Custom Age 625 PLUS enamandla aphezulu okudonseka.
“Ngezinto ezingu-8740, ungakwazi ukuphatha cishe ama-psi angu-200,000 kuphela, okungaba ngu-38-42 esikalini se-Rockwell, futhi yilapho ubumnandi buqala khona,” kusho uRaschke. “Uma uzama ukuyiphakamisa phezulu, uzokhathala ama-head pins. Kufanele ukhethe izinto ezisebenza lapho kufanele ziziphathe khona.”
I-ARP 2000 isebenze kahle kakhulu ku-220,000 psi futhi, ngokusho kukaRaschke, yayisenezimpawu ezinhle zokukhathala kanye nokuguquguquka okuhle emithwalweni ephezulu ye-clamp. Ukusuka lapho, i-ARP inikeza izinto zayo zobudala ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
“Enye yezinto ezinhle nge-Custom Age ukuthi iyinsimbi engagqwali engeke igqwale,” kusho uRaschke. “Inamandla aphezulu okubamba (260,000+ psi) ngakho ungayishukumisa futhi usajabule. Yinsimbi engagqwali futhi, inkinga ngamadizili ukuthi anokushisa okuningi, umswakama, ukukhishwa komoya – yilokho kuphela “Akufani ngemishini yensimbi evamile. Ukugqwala kukhipha i-hydrogen, kanti ukugqwala kwe-hydrogen kungalimaza izikhonkwane. Uma ushisa kakhulu ama-studs ukuze uwaqinise, uzoba nokugqwala okubangelwa ukugqwala. Amathuba ezinkinga zokugqwala kwe-hydrogen aphindeka kabili.”
Vele, akuyona nje into ethinta i-spike efanela izidingo zakho, kodwa futhi nosayizi wayo. Ngokuvamile, amabhawodi ekhanda angu-12mm angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-Cummins. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abasebenza kahle kakhulu bangasebenzisa ama-studs angu-14mm, ama-studs angu-9/16, noma ngisho nama-studs angu-5/8.
“Ezimweni eziningi, wonke ama-Cummins akho asefektri azoba ngama-studs angu-12mm,” kusho uZiegler. “Ezweni lokugijima, besilokhu sisebenzisa i-14mm noma i-9/16 ukuze sithole i-torque ephezulu. Ama-head bolts emotweni yami yomjaho aqiniswe ku-250 ft.lbs. Lawo ma-12mm angama-125 ft.lbs. Umehluko omkhulu ekubambeni, kodwa futhi kuhlukile kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa.”
URaschke uthe abantu abaningi eCummins baqale ukubhoboza ama-stud amakhulu ngoba nje babengenazo izinto eziqinile ze-stud esikhathini esidlule. Manje, ngenxa ye-ARP, sebekwenzile lokho.
“Ngenkathi abantu besafuna ukusebenza ngamabhulokhi, sibanikeza izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu,” kusho yena. “Isixazululo sethu ngokuvamile ukwenza izikhonkwane zekhwalithi ephezulu ezisetshenziswa efektri. Uma ufuna ukushintsha okuthile, umnyango wethu okhethekile uyahlanya. Sisebenze ezimotweni eziningi ezahlukene zedizili. Abakhiqizi benza lokhu, isibonelo, iShade, iHeisley, iWagler nezinye”.
Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi usayizi omkhulu uzwakala ungcono, uRaschke unezixwayiso ezisekelwe kubhlokhi yakho, ikhanda, nalokho okudingeka ukwenze ukuze usebenzise induna enkulu.
“Ngalezi zimbobo, abanye abantu basebenzisa ngisho ne-9/16 noma i-5/8,” esho. “Ekugcineni, ungafaka i-stud enkulu kunazo zonke, kodwa udonga lwesilinda ngeke luyisekele, noma ayikho indawo ye-gasket yekhanda lesilinda, futhi uzolimaza ibhloko. ikhanda alinamandla ngokwanele ukuphatha ama-clamp aphezulu Imithwalo enzima? Kunezinto eziningi okufanele uzicabangele esikhundleni sokufaka into eqinile. Udinga futhi ukuba nomshini wokuwasha ikhanda onezakhiwo zokwakha ukuze uphathe lokhu.
"Ngegasket enezingqimba eziningi ethengiswayo namuhla, udinga ukuba nezikhonkwane ezithethelela kakhulu emotweni yasemgwaqweni kunasemotweni yomjaho, ngoba ngemoto yomjaho cishe uzoyihlukanisa futhi uyilungise kaningi, kanti imoto yasemgwaqweni kuzodingeka ishayelwe amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamamayela. Awukwazi ukululaza i-headrest, futhi awukwazi ukuyinweba nokuyicindezela."
UZeigler uphendule kula mazwi ngokuthi izinduku ezinkulu noma izinto ezisindayo azidingeki ezimweni eziningi.
“Uma kuyi-app ethobekile engenalo lutho oluyinqaba ngayo, khona-ke asikho isizathu sokuchitha imali eningi kangaka,” kusho uZiegler. “Uma umsebenzi wenziwe kahle, isethi enhle yama-bolts ane-washers ezinhle kanye nokulungiswa kwekhwalithi ngeke kube yinkinga.”
Njengasemisebenzini eminingi yenjini, ukwenza umsebenzi kahle kuphumelela ngo-99%. Lokhu kuyasebenza nasekuboshweni kwebhawodi lekhanda. Sixoxe noJustin kwaZeigler Diesel Performance ukuze sibukele iGator Fastener ifaka isethi yamabhawodi ekhanda angu-12mm enjinini yamavalvu eCummins 24.
Ngokushesha, uJustin wancoma iGator ngokupakishwa kwayo kanye nokwethulwa kwayo. Izinduku zeGator neze-ARP ziza ebhokisini losayizi ofanayo, elihlanganisa ihadiwe edingekayo, ama-decal anophawu, kanye nemiyalelo yokufaka. Izinduku ze-ARP zivame ukupakishwa ezitsheni zepulasitiki ngazinye kanye namantongomane kanye nama-washer ezikhwameni zepulasitiki. Ngezinkinobho zeGator, izinduku zifakwa ebhokisini elihle lepulasitiki, isinduku ngasinye sinesivalo sepulasitiki sokuvikela imicu, kanti ama-washer namantongomane eza ezikhwameni ngazinye. Omunye umehluko omkhulu ukugcoba okuhlinzekwayo. I-ARP inikeza iphakheji encane yamafutha kanti iGator inikeza ithubhu elikhulu lamafutha okufaka e-AMSOIL.
Ngaphambi kokufaka noma yiziphi izikhonkwane futhi ngemva kokufaka impompi emgodini ngamunye, ukuhlanzeka kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga kamuva.
“Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugxila ekuhlanzekeni,” kusho uZiegler. “Uma usukhiphe imigodi, kufanele uyivuthele ngomoya bese usula yonke into ngesihlanzi samabhuleki ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke esinakho kuhlanzekile kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba sibeke ama-pad phezu kwayo.”
Ikhithi ye-Cummins Gator stud iza nama-stud angu-26 – ama-stud amade angu-6 ngaphandle kwekhanda kanye nama-stud amafushane angu-20 ngaphakathi. I-stud ngayinye igcotshwa ngamafutha okufaka ngaphambi kokufakwa ekhanda nasebhulokini. Njengoba kunjalo ngama-stud e-ARP2000, la ma-alligator angu-12mm adinga ukulandelana kwe-torque okuthathu ukuze afinyelele ku-125 ft-lbs. (40, 80 kanye no-125). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-stud e-ARP 625 afinyelela ku-150 ft-lbs. (50, 100, 150). Imiyalelo yomibili le mikhiqizo ichaza kalula ukuthi ungayisofa kanjani i-stud endaweni yayo.
Njengoba kushiwo, i-ARP iklame zonke izikhonkwane, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi uzifake kuphela ngomthwalo ongu-80%, uma ufuna ziqine kakhulu ukuze zandiswe, kuyatholakala i-cushioning engu-20%. I-Gator noma i-ARP azikutsheli ukuthi izikhonkwane zazo zingasetshenziswa kabusha. UJustin angakutshela mathupha lokho ongakwenza.
“Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, itrektara yami yayinezinduku ze-ARP ezifanayo zezinjini ezinhlanu ezahlukene,” esho. “Ngazilinganisa futhi akukho lutho olwaluliwe noma olushintshile, ngakho ngizisebenzisa ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi angikaze ngibe nenkinga.”
Ukufakwa kwe-stud kungathatha amahora angu-4-6 kuye ngomsebenzi. Uma ungenayo indawo yakho yokusebenzela imishini, okuwukuphela kwento ongeke uyilinganisele ukuthumela ikhanda ukuze liqedwe.
Sekukonke, ama-hairpin awawona asezingeni eliphezulu, futhi awakulungisi, kodwa usafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wenza umsebenzi kahle, njengoba imiphumela yokuwenza kabi ingaba yinhlekelele.
“Into eyinhloko ukukhetha inhlanganisela eqinisekisiwe,” kweluleka uRaschke. “Abantu baya ku-inthanethi bakhethe le turbocharger, le injector, le nhloko kanye nale ring yomlilo, bese behlanganisa zonke lezi zinto ndawonye kodwa akusebenzi. Basebenzisa imibono yabantu abane noma abahlanu abahlukene esikhundleni sokukhetha inhlanganisela efanela izidingo zabo. Uma udala noma yini, udinga njalo ukubheka isithombe esikhulu.
"Kufanele ube nama-washer afanele, umthwalo we-clamp ofanele, kanye nama-head washer. Uma usufinyelele ukusebenza okuphezulu, uzobe usuqala ukusebenzisa ama-fire rings nezinto ezinjalo."
Ngokusho kukaZeigler, abantu abaningi abakuqondi kahle uma kukhulunywa ngama-spikes ngokwawo, kodwa kunalokho bayawalungiselela.
“Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo ephansi yedekhi ihlanzekile kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa lawa mawashi ensimbi afakwe i-laminated – indawo ephansi idinga ukuba ifanele,” kusho uZeigler. “Ufuna indawo ephansi ihlale ifana.”
Namuhla, cishe yonke ingxenye yenjini inikeza abathengi izinketho ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ihadiwe yenjini ingaba ngenye yezindawo ezimbalwa lapho i-ARP iwuhlobo olukhethwayo ngokusobala ngokusekelwe kwikhwalithi, ulwazi kanye nomkhiqizo. Lokho kubusa kusekude kakhulu nokuqiniseka, kodwa abadlali abaningi bangena emakethe, njenge-Gator Fasteners, futhi izinkinga zakamuva zochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla zinikeza abanye ithuba.
“Akekho ongathonya impumelelo ye-ARP,” kuvuma uZiegler. “Kodwa-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi ama-Gator Fasteners angaba yimpumelelo uma engaphumeleli entengo. Intengo ilungile futhi ikhwalithi ilungile impela. Ngicabanga ukuthi kungaba inketho enhle kakhulu, hhayi ezinye izinto ze-ARP, ngoba manje sesilinde izinyanga eziningana.”
URaschke uvumile ukuthi i-ARP ibhekene nezinselele njengoba abakhiqizi abaningi behluleka ukuhambisana nesidingo. Le nkampani isebenza ukunciphisa izikhathi zokulinda nokwandisa umkhiqizo, esho.
"Kunzima ukudlula lokho i-ARP ekunika kona, kodwa ama-Gator Fasteners abonakala sengathi ayindlela efanayo."
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-24-2022
