Tsanangudzo yeduramazwi yeduramazwi ye "dutu rakakwana" i "musanganiswa usingawanzoitiki wemamiriro ezvinhu ega ega anokonzera njodzi huru". Zvino, chirevo ichi chinouya zuva nezuva muindasitiri yefastener, saka pano paFastener + Fixing Magazine takafunga kuti tinofanira kuongorora kana zvine musoro.
Dambudziko guru riri mudenda re coronavirus nezvose zvinouya naro. Kudivi rakanaka, kudiwa kwemari mumaindasitiri mazhinji kuri kuwedzera, uye muzviitiko zvakawanda kuri kuwedzera kusvika padanho repamusoro, sezvo hupfumi hwakawanda huri kudzoka kubva muzvirambidzo zveCovid-19. Dai izvi zvikaitika kwenguva yakareba uye hupfumi hwacho huchiri kurohwa nehutachiona hwacho hukatanga kukwira zvakanyanya.
Panotangira matambudziko ese aya ndipo panobva zvinhu zvinotengeswa, izvo zvinoshanda kune indasitiri yega yega yekugadzira, kusanganisira zvinosungirirwa.Ndotangira papi?Kugadzira simbi; kuwanikwa uye mutengo wesimbi yemhando ipi zvayo nedzimwe simbi dzakawanda?Kuwanikwa uye mutengo wekutakura zvinhu pasi rose?Kuwanikwa kwevashandi here?Matanho ekutengeserana ekuderedza mutengo?
Kugona kwesimbi pasi rose hakusi kuenderana nekuwedzera kwekudiwa. Kunze kweChina, apo Covid-19 yakatanga kudonha, kugona kwesimbi kunofanira kunge kwanonoka kudzoka online kubva pakuvharwa kwakapararira. Kunyange zvazvo paine mibvunzo yekuti indasitiri yesimbi iri kudzokera shure here kuitira kuti mitengo ikwire, hapana mubvunzo kuti pane zvikonzero zvemamiriro ezvinhu zvakakonzera kunonoka uku. Kudzima firewall kwakaoma, uye kutangazve kunotora nguva yakawanda nesimba.
Izvi zvakare zvinodiwa kuti pave nekudiwa kwakakwana kuchengetedza maitiro ekugadzira maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo. Kutaura zvazviri, kugadzirwa kwesimbi isina kucheneswa pasi rose kwakawedzera kusvika pamatani mazana mana nemakumi masere nemanomwe muchikamu chekutanga cha2021, anenge gumi muzana kupfuura munguva imwecheteyo muna 2020, nepo kugadzirwa muchikamu chekutanga cha2020 kwakanga kusina kuchinja kubva panguva imwecheteyo gore rapfuura1 - saka kune kukura kwechokwadi kwekugadzirwa. Zvisinei, kukura uku kwave kusina kuenzana. Kubuda muAsia kwakawedzera ne13% muchikamu chekutanga cha2021, kunyanya tichireva China. Kugadzirwa kweEU kwakakwira ne3.7% gore negore, asi kugadzirwa kweNorth America kwakadzikira neanopfuura 5%. Zvisinei, kudiwa kwepasi rose kuri kuramba kuchidarika kuwanikwa, uye pamwe nekuwedzera kwemitengo. Chinonyanya kukanganisa munzira dzakawanda ndechekuti nguva dzekutumira pakutanga dzaive dzakareba kupfuura kana, uye ikozvino kupfuura izvozvo, kana zviripo.
Sezvo kugadzirwa kwesimbi kwakawedzera, mutengo wezvinhu zvakagadzirwa wakakwira zvakanyanya. Panguva yekunyora uku, mitengo yesimbi yadarika rekodhi yegore ra2011 uye yakakwira kusvika pamadhora mazana maviri ($200/t). Mitengo yemarasha ekubikwa nesimbi yakachekwa yakawedzerawo.
Mafekitori mazhinji efasteners pasi rese anoramba kugamuchira maodha chero nemutengo upi zvawo, kunyangwe kubva kuvatengi vakuru venguva dzose, nekuti havakwanise kuchengetedza waya dzakachengeteka. Nguva dzekugadzira dzinotaurwa muAsia dzinowanzo kuve mwedzi 8 kusvika ku10 kana odha yagamuchirwa, kunyangwe tanzwa mimwe mienzaniso yeanopfuura gore.
Chimwe chinhu chiri kuramba chichitaurwa nezvacho kushomeka kwevashandi vekugadzira. Mune dzimwe nyika, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekupararira kwe coronavirus uye/kana zvirambidzo, India iri kunyanya kurohwa zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, kunyangwe munyika dzine huwandu hwakaderera hwehutachiona, hwakadai seTaiwan, mafekitori haakwanise kuhaya vashandi vakakwana, vane hunyanzvi kana zvimwewo, kuti vagutse kudiwa kuri kukura. Tichitaura nezveTaiwan, chero ani zvake anotevera nhau dzekushomeka kwe semiconductor pasi rose achaziva kuti nyika parizvino iri kutambura nekusanaya kwemvura kusati kwamboitika kuri kukanganisa chikamu chose chekugadzira.
Migumisiro miviri haidzivisiki. Vagadziri vezvisungo nevatengesi havakwanise kubhadhara mitengo yakakwira zvakanyanya yemitengo iripo—kana vachida kuramba vari bhizinesi—vanofanira kuwedzera mitengo zvakanyanya. Kushomeka kwemamwe marudzi ezvisungo muchikamu chezvisungo zvino kwava kuitika. Mutengesi wezvinhu zvakawanda munguva pfupi yapfuura akagamuchira makontena anopfuura makumi mana ezvisungo - anopfuura zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu akatengwa kare uye hazvigoneke kufanotaura kuti masheya akawanda achagamuchirwa riini.
Zvadaro, zvechokwadi, kune indasitiri yepasi rose yekutakura zvinhu, iyo yave ichisangana nekushomeka kwakanyanya kwemakontena kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Kupora nekukurumidza kweChina kubva mudenda iri kwakakonzera dambudziko iri, iro rakawedzerwa nekudiwa kwemidziyo panguva yeKisimusi. Coronavirus yakazokanganisa kubata makontena, kunyanya kuNorth America, zvichiita kuti mabhokisi adzokere kwaakabva. Pakutanga kwa2021, mitengo yekutumira zvinhu yakanga yapetwa kaviri - mune dzimwe nguva katanhatu kupfuura yayaiva gore rapfuura. Pakutanga kwaKurume, huwandu hwemakontena hwakanga hwavandudzika zvishoma uye mitengo yekutakura zvinhu yakaderera.
Kusvika musi wa23 Kurume, ngarava yekutakura matangi yakareba mamita 400 yakagara paSuez Canal kwemazuva matanhatu. Izvi zvingasaita sezvirefu zvakadaro, asi zvinogona kutora kusvika mwedzi mipfumbamwe kuti indasitiri yekutakura matangi pasi rose igadzirise zvinhu. Ngarava dzekutakura matangi dzakakura kwazvo dziri kufamba munzira zhinji, kunyange zvazvo dzakanonoka kuchengetedza mafuta, dzinogona kungopedza "ma "cycles" mana akazara pagore. Saka kunonoka kwemazuva matanhatu, pamwe chete nekuzara kwechiteshi kusingadzivisiki kunoiperekedza, kunoita kuti zvese zvisave zvakanaka. Ngarava nemabhokisi zvino zvarasika.
Pakutanga kwegore rino, pakava nekutsutsumwa pamusoro pekuti indasitiri yekutakura zvinhu inoganhurira kugona kwayo kuwedzera mitengo yekutakura zvinhu. Pamwe zvakadaro. Zvisinei, mushumo wazvino unoratidza kuti pasi pe1% yengarava dzepasi rose hadzina kushanda parizvino. Ngarava itsva, hombe dziri kuodha - asi hadzizotanga kushanda kusvika muna 2023. Kuwanikwa kwengarava kwakakosha zvekuti ngarava idzi dzinonzi dziri kutakura ngarava diki dzemahombekombe kuenda kunzira dzegungwa rakadzika, uye pane chikonzero chakanaka - kana Ever Given isina kukwana - chekuti ive nechokwadi chekuti ngarava dzako dzakainishuwarenzi.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mitengo yekutakura zvinhu iri kukwira uye ichiratidza zviratidzo zvekupfuura peak yaKukadzi. Zvakare, chinonyanya kukosha kuwanikwa - uye hazvikoshi. Ehe, munzira yeAsia kuenda kuNorthern Europe, vanopinza zvinhu vanoudzwa kuti hapazovi nemabasa kusvika Chikumi. Rwendo rwakangomiswa nekuti ngarava yakanga isiri panzvimbo yayo. Makontena matsva, ayo anodhura zvakapetwa kaviri nekuda kwesimbi, atove kushanda. Zvisinei, kuwanda kwezvikepe uye kudzoka kwebhokisi zvishoma nezvishoma zvichiri kunetseka kukuru. Zvinonetsa ikozvino ndekuti mwaka wepamusoro hausi kure; vatengi vekuUS vawana rutsigiro rwehupfumi kubva kuhurongwa hwekudzoreredza hupfumi hwaMutungamiri Biden; uye muhupfumi hwakawanda, vatengi vari kuvharirwa mukuchengetedza mari uye vanoda kushandisa mari yakawanda.
Tataura here nezvezvinorehwa nemitemo? Mutungamiri Trump akaisa mutero weUS we "Chikamu 301" pazvisungo nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinotengwa kubva kuChina. Mutungamiri mutsva Joe Biden kusvika pari zvino akasarudza kuchengetedza mutero uyu pasinei nemutongo weWTO wekuti mutero uyu wakatyora mitemo yekutengeserana yepasi rose. Mishonga yese yekutengeserana inokanganisa misika—ndizvo zvavakagadzirirwa kuita, kunyangwe kazhinji nemhedzisiro isingatarisirwi. Mitero iyi yakakonzera kutsauswa kwemirairo mikuru yeUS kubva kuChina kuenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeAsia, kusanganisira Vietnam neTaiwan.
Muna Zvita 2020, European Commission yakatanga nzira dzekudzivisa kurasirwa kwemafuta kubva kuChina. Magazini iyi haigone kutonga zvakawanikwa nekomiti - "kuburitswa pachena" kwematanho ayo epakati kuchaburitswa muna Chikumi. Zvisinei, kuvapo kwekuferefeta kunoreva kuti vanopinza zvinhu munyika vanoziva nezvemutengo wekare we85% wemafuta kubva kuChina uye vanotya kuisa maodha kubva kumafekitori ekuChina, ayo anogona kusvika mushure maChikunguru, apo matanho enguva pfupi akarongwa kuitwa. Kusiyana neizvi, mafekitori ekuChina akaramba kugamuchira maodha nekutya kuti aizomiswa kana/kana matanho ekudzivirira kurasirwa kwemafuta akaiswa.
Nekunge vatengesi vekuUS vatove nemidziyo yakawanda kune dzimwe nzvimbo muAsia, uko simbi dzakakosha, vatengesi vekuEurope vane sarudzo shoma. Dambudziko nderekuti mitemo yekufamba ne coronavirus yakaita kuti kuongororwa kwevatengesi vatsva kuve kwakaoma kuti vaongorore mhando uye kugona kwavo kugadzira.
Wobva waisa odha muEurope. Hazvisi nyore. Sekureva kwemishumo, kugona kwekugadzira mafasteners eEurope kwakawandisa, pasina zvimwe zvinhu zviripo. Dziviriro dzesimbi, dzinoisa miganhu yemutengo wewaya nebhawa zvinopinzwa kunze kwenyika, dzinoderedzawo mukana wekuwana waya kubva kunze kweEU. Takanzwa kuti nguva yekutungamira mafekitori efasteners eEurope (tichifunga kuti agadzirira kugamuchira maodha) iri pakati pemwedzi mishanu nemitanhatu.
Pfupikisa pfungwa mbiri. Chekutanga, pasinei nekuti matanho ekudzivirira kurasa marara eChina ari pamutemo here, nguva yacho haizove yakanyanya kuipa. Kana mitero yakakwira ikaiswa semuna 2008, mhedzisiro yacho ichakanganisa zvakanyanya indasitiri yeEurope yekushandisa ma "fasteners". Imwe pfungwa ndeyekungofungisisa kukosha kwe "fasteners". Kwete kune avo vari muindasitiri iyi vanoda ma "microengineering" aya chete, asi kune vese vari muindasitiri yevatengi - isu tinoti - vanowanzozvideredza uye vanozvitora sezvisina basa. "Fasteners" hadziwanzoverengera chikamu chimwe muzana chekukosha kwechigadzirwa chapera kana chimiro. Asi kana zvisipo, chigadzirwa kana chimiro hachigone kuitwa. Chokwadi chemutengi chero upi zvake we "fasteners" parizvino ndechekuti kuenderera mberi kwekupa zvinhu kunopfuura mitengo uye kubvuma mitengo yakakwira kuri nani pane kumisa kugadzirwa.
Saka, dutu rakakwana here? Vezvenhau vanowanzopomerwa mhosva yekunyanyisa. Muchiitiko ichi, tinofungidzira, kana paine chimwe chinhu, kuti tichapomerwa mhosva yekusakoshesa chokwadi.
Will akabatana neFastener + Fixing Magazine muna 2007 uye akapedza makore gumi nemana apfuura achiona zvese zviri muindasitiri yefastener - achibvunzurudza vanhu vakakosha muindasitiri uye achishanyira makambani anotungamira nekuratidzira pasi rese.
Will ndiye anotarisira hurongwa hwezvinyorwa zvemapuratifomu ese uye ndiye muchengeti wezvinodiwa zvepamusoro zvemagazini iyi.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-19-2022
