Inkcazo yesichazi-magama yesivuthuvuthu esigqibeleleyo “yindibaniselwano engaqhelekanga yeemeko zomntu ngamnye ezithi xa zidibene zivelise isiphumo esinokuba yintlekele”. Ngoku, le ngxelo ivela yonke imihla kushishino lwezixhobo zokubopha, ngoko ke apha kwiFastener + Fixing Magazine sicinge ukuba kufuneka sihlolisise ukuba ingaba iyavakala na.
Imvelaphi, ewe, yintsholongwane ye-coronavirus nayo yonke into ehamba nayo. Kwelinye icala, imfuno kumashishini amaninzi iyanda, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi inyuka iye kwinqanaba elingaphantsi kwerekhodi, njengoko uninzi lwezoqoqosho luchacha emva kwemiqathango ye-Covid-19. Ngamana oku kungaba njalo ixesha elide kwaye ezo qoqosho zisathwaxwa yintsholongwane ziqale ukunyuka kwinqanaba lokuchacha.
Apho konke oku kuqala khona ukuqhekeka licala lokubonelela, elisebenza phantse kuyo yonke imboni yokuvelisa, kuquka neziqhoboshelo. Ungaqala phi? Ukwenza izinto zentsimbi; ukufumaneka kunye neendleko zalo naluphi na uhlobo lwentsimbi kunye nezinye izinyithi ezininzi? Ukufumaneka kunye neendleko zokuthutha iikhonteyina zehlabathi? Ukufumaneka kwabasebenzi? Amanyathelo orhwebo lokuncitshiswa kweendleko?
Umthamo wentsimbi kwihlabathi liphela awuhambelani nokwanda kwemfuno. Ngaphandle kweTshayina, xa iCovid-19 yaqala ukuhlasela, umthamo wentsimbi kumele ukuba wawucotha ukubuyela kwi-intanethi emva kokuvalwa okubanzi. Nangona kukho imibuzo malunga nokuba ishishini lentsimbi liyarhoxa na ukuze linyuse amaxabiso, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba kukho izizathu zesakhiwo zokulibaziseka. Ukuvala isithando somlilo esiqhumayo kunzima, kwaye ukuyiqalisa kwakhona kuthatha ixesha elininzi kunye nomgudu.
Oku kukwayimfuneko yemfuno eyaneleyo yokugcina inkqubo yemveliso yeeyure ezingama-24/7. Enyanisweni, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yehlabathi inyuke yaya kwiitoni ezingama-487 kwikota yokuqala ka-2021, malunga ne-10% ephezulu kunexesha elifanayo ngo-2020, ngelixa imveliso kwikota yokuqala ka-2020 yayingatshintshi kangako kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo1 - ngoko ke kukho ukukhula kweMveliso yokwenyani. Nangona kunjalo, olu kukhula belungalingani. Imveliso e-Asia ikhule nge-13% kwikota yokuqala ka-2021, ikakhulu ibhekisa eTshayina. Imveliso ye-EU inyuke nge-3.7% unyaka nonyaka, kodwa imveliso yaseMntla Melika yehla ngaphezulu kwe-5%. Nangona kunjalo, imfuno yehlabathi iyaqhubeka nokudlula unikezelo, kwaye kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Okuphazamisayo ngakumbi ngeendlela ezininzi kukuba amaxesha okuhambisa ekuqaleni ayengaphezulu kokuphindwe kane, kwaye ngoku angaphaya koko, ukuba ukufumaneka kukho.
Njengoko imveliso yentsimbi isanda, ixabiso lezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo linyuke laya kutsho phezulu kakhulu. Ngexesha lokubhalwa kwale ngxelo, iindleko zentsimbi zidlule kwinqanaba elirekhodiweyo lowama-2011 zaza zanyuka zaya kwi-$200/t. Iindleko zamalahle okupheka kunye neendleko zentsimbi ekrwada nazo zinyukile.
Iifektri ezininzi zokubopha izinto kwihlabathi liphela ziyala nje ukwamkela iiodolo nangaliphi na ixabiso, nokuba zivela kubathengi abakhulu abaqhelekileyo, kuba azikwazi ukugcina iingcingo zikhuselekile. Amaxesha okukhokela imveliso e-Asia adla ngokuba ziinyanga ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 xa iodolo yamkelwe, nangona sivile eminye imizekelo engaphezulu konyaka.
Enye into eqhubeka ixelwa ngakumbi kukunqongophala kwabasebenzi bemveliso. Kwamanye amazwe, oku kungenxa yokuqhambuka okuqhubekayo kwe-coronavirus kunye/okanye imiqathango, apho i-India ngokuqinisekileyo ichaphazeleka kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, nakumazwe anamanqanaba aphantsi kakhulu osulelo, njengeTaiwan, iifektri azikwazi ukuqesha abasebenzi abaneleyo, abanezakhono okanye abanye, ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo. Ukuthetha ngeTaiwan, nabani na olandela iindaba zokunqongophala kwe-semiconductor yehlabathi uya kwazi ukuba ilizwe ngoku lijongene nembalela engazange ibonwe ngaphambili echaphazela lonke icandelo lemveliso.
Iziphumo ezimbini azinakuphepheka. Abavelisi kunye nabasasazi bezixhobo zokubopha abanakukwazi ukumelana namanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu okunyuka kwamaxabiso akhoyo ngoku—ukuba bafuna ukusinda njengeshishini—kufuneka bathwale ukunyuka okukhulu kweendleko. Ukunqongophala kweentlobo ezithile zezixhobo zokubopha kwikhonkco lokuhambisa izinto ngoku kuqhelekile. Umthengisi othengisa ngobuninzi kutshanje ufumene izikhongozeli ezingaphezu kwama-40 zezikrufu – ngaphezulu kwesibini kwisithathu bezisele zi-odolwe kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ukuba ziya kufunyanwa nini ezinye izitokhwe.
Emva koko, ewe, kukho ishishini leempahla kwihlabathi liphela, eliye lahlangabezana nokunqongophala okukhulu kweekhonteyina kangangeenyanga ezintandathu. Ukubuyela ngokukhawuleza kweTshayina kubhubhane kwabangela ingxaki, eyaba mandundu yimfuno ngexesha leKrisimesi. I-coronavirus yaze yachaphazela ukuphathwa kweekhonteyina, ingakumbi eMntla Melika, yanciphisa ukubuya kweebhokisi kwimvelaphi yazo. Ekuqaleni kuka-2021, amazinga okuthunyelwa kwempahla ayephindwe kabini—kwezinye iimeko aphindwe kathandathu kunangonyaka odlulileyo. Ekuqaleni kukaMatshi, ukuhanjiswa kweekhonteyina kwakuphucukile kancinci kwaye amazinga okuthunyelwa kwempahla ayehlile.
Kude kube ngumhla wama-23 kweyoKwindla, inqanawa yeekhonteyina ezinde ezingama-400m yahlala kwiSuez Canal kangangeentsuku ezintandathu. Oku kusenokungabonakali kukude kangako, kodwa kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezisithoba ukuba ishishini leekhonteyina zehlabathi liqhele ngokupheleleyo. Iinqanawa ezinkulu kakhulu zeekhonteyina ezihamba kwiindlela ezininzi, nangona zicotha ukonga ipetroli, zinokugqiba "imijikelo" emine epheleleyo ngonyaka. Ngoko ke ukulibaziseka kweentsuku ezintandathu, kunye nokuxinana kwezibuko okungenakuphepheka okuhamba nako, kwenza yonke into ingalingani. Iinqanawa kunye neebhokisi ngoku zilahlekile.
Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, bekukho imibhikisho echasene noshishino lokuthutha impahla oluthintela amandla okunyusa amaxabiso empahla. Mhlawumbi kunjalo. Nangona kunjalo, ingxelo yamva nje ibonisa ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-1% yeenqwelo zeekhonteyina zehlabathi azisebenzi okwangoku. Iinqanawa ezintsha, ezinkulu ziya-odolwa - kodwa azizukuthunyelwa kude kube ngu-2023. Ukufumaneka kweenqanawa kubaluleke kakhulu kangangokuba ezi ntambo kuthiwa zithutha iinqanawa ezincinci zaselunxwemeni ukuya kwiindlela zolwandle olunzulu, kwaye kukho isizathu esivakalayo - ukuba i-Ever Given ayonelanga - ukuqinisekisa ukuba iikhonteyina zakho zi-inshorensi.
Ngenxa yoko, amaxabiso okuthutha impahla ayanyuka kwaye abonisa iimpawu zokugqitha incochoyi kaFebruwari. Kwakhona, okubalulekileyo kukufumaneka kwayo – kwaye akunjalo. Kakade ke, kwindlela eya eAsia ukuya eMntla Yurophu, abathumeli baxelelwa ukuba akuyi kubakho zithuba zivulekileyo kude kube nguJuni. Uhambo lwarhoxiswa kuphela kuba inqanawa yayingekho kwindawo yayo. Iikhonteyina ezintsha, ezibiza kabini ngenxa yentsimbi, sele zisebenza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxinana kweenqanawa kunye nokubuyiswa kweebhokisi kancinci kusaqhubeka kuyinkxalabo enkulu. Ixhala ngoku kukuba ixesha lonyaka lokunyuka kwentaba alikude; abathengi baseMelika bafumene ukonyuswa koqoqosho kwisicwangciso sokubuyisela umva sikaMongameli uBiden; kwaye kuqoqosho oluninzi, abathengi baxinezelekile kulondolozo kwaye banomdla wokusebenzisa imali.
Ngaba sikhankanyile ngemiphumo yomthetho? UMongameli uTrump ubeke irhafu yase-US "kwiCandelo 301" kwiifasteners kunye nezinye iimveliso ezingeniswe eTshayina. UMongameli omtsha uJoe Biden okwangoku ukhethe ukugcina irhafu nangona i-WTO igqibe kwelokuba irhafu yaphula imithetho yorhwebo lwehlabathi. Zonke iindlela zorhwebo ziyayigqwetha imakethi—yiloo nto zenzelwe ukuyenza, nangona zihlala zinemiphumo engalindelekanga. Ezi rhafu zibangele ukuphambukiswa kwemiyalelo emikhulu yefasteners yase-US esuka eTshayina iye kwezinye iindawo zaseAsia, kubandakanya iVietnam neTaiwan.
NgoDisemba ka-2020, iKhomishini yaseYurophu yaqalisa iinkqubo zokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kwiifasteners ezingeniswe eTshayina. Le magazini ayinakugweba kwangaphambili iziphumo zekomiti - "ukutyhilwa kwangaphambili" kwemilinganiselo yayo yexeshana kuya kupapashwa ngoJuni. Nangona kunjalo, ukubakho kophando kuthetha ukuba abangenisi bayazi kakuhle inqanaba lerhafu yangaphambili ye-85% kwiifasteners kwaye bayoyika ukufaka iiodolo ezivela kwimizi-mveliso yaseTshayina, ezinokufika emva kukaJulayi, xa amanyathelo exeshana ecwangciselwe ukuphunyezwa. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iifektri zaseTshayina zenqaba ukwamkela iiodolo ngenxa yokoyika ukuba ziya kurhoxiswa ukuba/ukuba amanyathelo okulwa nokulahla inkunkuma ayenziwa.
Njengoko abathumeli baseMelika sele befumana amandla kwezinye iindawo eAsia, apho ukuhanjiswa kwentsimbi kubaluleke kakhulu, abathumeli baseYurophu banokukhetha okuncinci kakhulu. Ingxaki kukuba imiqathango yokuhamba nge-coronavirus yenze ukuba uhlolo lwabathengisi abatsha lube nzima ukuvavanya umgangatho kunye namandla okuvelisa.
Emva koko faka iodolo eYurophu. Akulula kangako. Ngokweengxelo, amandla okuvelisa izibophelelo zaseYurophu agcwele kakhulu, phantse akukho zinto zongezelelweyo ezikhoyo. Izikhuselo zentsimbi, ezibeka imida yesabelo ekungenisweni kwentambo kunye neebha, zikwanciphisa ukuguquguquka kokufumana intambo ngaphandle kwe-EU. Sivile ukuba amaxesha okukhokela kwiifektri zezibophelelo zaseYurophu (ukuba zikulungele ukwamkela iiodolo) aphakathi kweenyanga ezi-5 nezi-6.
Shwankathela izimvo ezimbini. Okokuqala, nokuba semthethweni kangakanani na amanyathelo okulwa nokulahla inkunkuma nxamnye nezibophelelo zaseTshayina, ixesha aliyi kuba libi kakhulu. Ukuba kubekwe amaxabiso aphezulu njengango-2008, iziphumo ziya kuyichaphazela kakhulu imboni yokusetyenziswa kwezibophelelo zaseYurophu. Enye ingcamango kukucamngca nje ngokubaluleka kokwenyani kwezibophelelo. Akukuphela nje kwabo bakwishishini abathanda ezi njineli ezincinci, kodwa kubo bonke abo bakwishishini labathengi—esinokuthi sitsho—badla ngokuzijongela phantsi baze bazithathe lula. Izibophelelo azifane zibize ipesenti enye yexabiso lemveliso okanye isakhiwo esigqityiweyo. Kodwa ukuba bezingekho, imveliso okanye isakhiwo besingenakukwazi ukwenziwa. Inyani kuye nawuphi na umthengi wezibophelelo ngoku kukuba ukuqhubeka kobonelelo kuyagqitha iindleko kwaye ukwamkela amaxabiso aphezulu kungcono kakhulu kunokuyeka imveliso.
Ngoko ke, isivuthuvuthu esigqibeleleyo? Amajelo eendaba adla ngokutyholwa ngokuba nomdla wokuzibaxa izinto. Kule meko, sicinga ukuba, ukuba kukho into ethile, siza kutyholwa ngokuyijongela phantsi inyani.
UWill ujoyine iFastener + Fixing Magazine ngo-2007 kwaye uchithe iminyaka eli-14 edlulileyo ebona zonke iinkalo zoshishino lwe-fastener - edlan’ indlebe nabantu ababalulekileyo kushishino kwaye etyelela iinkampani eziphambili kunye nemiboniso kwihlabathi liphela.
UWill ulawula icebo lomxholo kuzo zonke iiplatifomu kwaye ungumgcini wemigangatho ephezulu yokuhlela edumileyo yemagazini.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-19-2022
